Genital pain associated with sex is a prevalent and distressing problem with a complex research and clinical profile. This article reviews the historical context of the “sexual pain disorders” and the circuitous trajectory that has led from the first mention of painful sex in ancient documents to the latest diagnostic category of genito-pelvic pain penetration disorder in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders as well as in other existing and proposed nomenclatures. Prominent etiologic research and emergent theoretical models are critically assessed, as is the latest treatment outcome research of note. Finally, the review points to a number of extant needs in the research and clinical effort, including an integrated biopsychosocial and multidisciplinary approach, randomized clinical trials, targeting of treatment barriers, and expansion of the entire enterprise to include populations that have not been considered.

中文翻译：

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痛苦性爱的生物心理社会之谜


与性相关的生殖器疼痛是一个普遍且令人痛苦的问题，具有复杂的研究和临床特征。本文回顾了“性疼痛障碍”的历史背景，以及从古代文献中首次提到痛苦的性行为到《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第五版以及其他现有和拟议的命名法中生殖器-盆腔疼痛插入障碍的最新诊断类别的迂回轨迹。对突出的病因学研究和新兴的理论模型以及值得注意的最新治疗结果研究进行了严格评估。最后，本综述指出了研究和临床工作中的一些现有需求，包括综合的生物心理社会和多学科方法、随机临床试验、针对治疗障碍以及扩大整个企业以包括尚未考虑的人群。