ABSTRACT

This paper explores the economic impact of illegal immigration in a dynamic general equilibrium model when the domestic labour supply is elastic and the fiscal policies include various taxes and income transfers. We first find that despite the mixed effects of illegal immigration on endogenous leisure-labour and saving-investment decisions, illegal immigration improves the welfare of domestic households in a dynamic competitive economy. The countervailing effects, however, show the wage differential improves individual welfare but hurts aggregate production. We then examine how the fiscal policies of illegal immigration influence a decentralised competitive equilibrium. Whereas the equivalence of economic incidence requires taxation on illegal immigrants, partial compliance causes the nonequivalence between labour income taxes and payroll taxes. Again, due to the countervailing effects, fiscal burden causes an adversary effect on the welfare of domestic households but stimulates aggregate economic performance. The opposite effects also arise in the fiscal contribution of illegal immigrants.

摘要

本文在动态一般均衡模型中探讨了当国内劳动力供应具有弹性且财政政策包括各种税收和收入转移时非法移民的经济影响。我们首先发现，尽管非法移民对内生休闲劳动力和储蓄投资决策产生了混合影响，但在充满活力的竞争经济中，非法移民改善了国内家庭的福利。然而，抵消效应表明，工资差异提高了个人福利，但损害了总生产。然后，我们研究非法移民的财政政策如何影响分散的竞争均衡。经济影响的等价要求对非法移民征税，部分合规导致劳动所得税和工资税之间的不等价。同样，由于抵消效应，财政负担对国内家庭的福利产生不利影响，但会刺激总体经济表现。非法移民的财政贡献也会产生相反的影响。