Azide-modified nucleosides are important building blocks for RNA and DNA functionalization by click chemistry based on azide-alkyne cycloaddition. This has put demand on synthetic chemistry to develop approaches for the preparation of azide-modified nucleoside derivatives. We review here the available methods for the synthesis of various nucleosides decorated with azido groups at the sugar residue or nucleobase, their incorporation into oligonucleotides and cellular RNAs, and their application in azide-alkyne cycloadditions for labelling and functionalization.

中文翻译：

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叠氮修饰核苷作为生物正交标记和功能化的多功能工具

叠氮化物修饰的核苷是通过基于叠氮化物-炔烃环加成的点击化学实现 RNA 和 DNA 功能化的重要组成部分。这对合成化学提出了要求，以开发制备叠氮化物修饰的核苷衍生物的方法。我们在此回顾了在糖残基或核碱基处用叠氮基修饰的各种核苷的合成方法，将它们掺入寡核苷酸和细胞 RNA 中，以及它们在叠氮-炔烃环加成中用于标记和功能化的应用。