In the four decades since 1980, US colleges and universities have seen the number of students from abroad quadruple. This rise in enrollment and degree attainment affects the global supply of highly educated workers, the flow of talent to the US labor market, and the financing of US higher education. Yet, the impacts are far from uniform, with significant differences evident by level of study and type of institution. The determinants of foreign flows to US colleges and universities reflect both changes in student demand from abroad and the variation in market circumstances of colleges and universities, with visa policies serving a mediating role. The consequences of these market mechanisms impact global talent development, the resources of colleges and universities, and labor markets in the United States and countries sending students.

中文翻译：

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高等教育全球化：国际学生在美国高等教育体系中的作用


1980年以来的四十年里，美国高校的海外学生数量翻了两番。入学率和学位获得率的上升影响了全球受过高等教育的劳动力供应、美国劳动力市场的人才流动以及美国高等教育的融资。然而，影响远非均匀，根据研究水平和机构类型存在明显的显着差异。外国学生流向美国高校的决定因素既反映了海外学生需求的变化，也反映了高校市场环境的变化，其中签证政策起到了中介作用。这些市场机制的后果影响着全球人才发展、高校资源以及美国和学生派遣国的劳动力市场。