Kinetic models have been extensively studied for the prediction of yield and quality for plant-sourced ingredients although that is very rare for animal-sourced products. This study is designed to evaluate common kinetic models for the prediction of yield in gelatin extraction from chicken skin. Kinetic models used for comparison were the Peleg's, the first order, and the rate law models while extraction parameters studied were solvent pH, solid:liquid ratio, and sample size. Extraction is evaluated based on the protein and hydroxyproline (Hyp) concentrations of each extract. The success of the models is evaluated based on the root-mean-square error (RMSE) and the coefficient of determination (R²) values calculated for fittings of the models to the experimental data. The protein content of the dried and degreased skin was over 50% before gelatin extraction. Neutral pH led to the highest yield for both protein and Hyp, which were close to 2,100 and 200 mg per 10 g of skin, respectively. Similarly, smaller sample size or lower solid:liquid ratio resulted in a higher yield. In general, the first 60 min of the extraction was by rapid washing and later on by slow diffusion. Peleg's model is found to be the best fit to the experimental data with the highest R² values between 0.97 and 0.99 and the lowest RMSE values compared to that of other kinetic models. This is the first report on the kinetics of gelatin extraction as well as one of the few studies on extraction kinetics of animal-sourced products.

中文翻译：

---

鸡皮明胶提取动力学评价及提取参数的影响

动力学模型已被广泛研究用于预测植物源成分的产量和质量，尽管这对于动物源产品来说非常罕见。本研究旨在评估用于预测从鸡皮中提取明胶的产量的常用动力学模型。用于比较的动力学模型是 Peleg 模型、一阶模型和速率定律模型，而研究的萃取参数是溶剂 pH 值、固液比和样品大小。根据每种提取物的蛋白质和羟脯氨酸 (Hyp) 浓度评估提取物。基于均方根误差 (RMSE) 和确定系数 ( R ²) 计算模型拟合实验数据的值。明胶提取前干燥和脱脂的皮肤的蛋白质含量超过50%。中性 pH 值导致蛋白质和 Hyp 的产量最高，分别接近每 10 克皮肤 2,100 和 200 毫克。同样，较小的样品量或较低的固液比会导致较高的产率。一般来说，萃取的前 60 分钟是通过快速洗涤，然后是缓慢扩散。发现 Peleg 模型最适合具有最高R ^{2的实验数据}与其他动力学模型相比，RMSE 值介于 0.97 和 0.99 之间，并且 RMSE 值最低。这是关于明胶提取动力学的第一份报告，也是为数不多的关于动物源性产品提取动力学的研究之一。