Despite the sheer reality of English used as a lingua franca in and outside L2 English classrooms, many teachers are still unaware of the concept of English as a lingua franca (ELF), which makes integration of ELF awareness into teacher education essential. This study presents an “ELF-aware” education model for pre-service teachers and analyses the definitions of ELF made by the pre-service teachers exposed to this model before, during and after their training and documents the ways they changed, if any. The data were collected by an open-ended questionnaire and semi-structured interviews which were thematically analysed. According to our findings, ELF conceptualizations reveal increased awareness. Perceptions of ELF changed from a global concept to a communicative construct and ultimately to a humanistic pedagogical perspective accepting non-native users of English with their own variability. The data imply the evolving roles of the participants from (i) outsiders to ELF to (ii) ELF-aware users and owners of English and ultimately to (iii) potential ELF-aware practitioners and disseminators of ELF knowledge. With variability of definitions and implied roles changing at each phase of the training, the ELF-aware pre-service teacher education model has proved to be effective in making the participants increasingly aware of the ELF concept.

中文翻译：

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英语作为职前教师定义的通用语：理论与实践的见解

尽管在 L2 英语课堂内外使用英语作为通用语是绝对现实的，但许多教师仍然没有意识到英语作为通用语 (ELF) 的概念，这使得将 ELF 意识融入教师教育至关重要。本研究提出了一种针对职前教师的“ELF 意识”教育模型，并分析了在培训之前、期间和之后接触该模型的职前教师对 ELF 的定义，并记录了他们改变的方式（如果有的话）。数据通过开放式问卷和半结构化访谈收集，并进行主题分析。根据我们的发现，ELF 的概念化揭示了意识的提高。对 ELF 的看法从一个全球概念转变为一种交际结构，并最终转变为一种接受具有自身可变性的非英语母语用户的人文主义教学观点。这些数据表明参与者的角色不断演变，从 (i) 外人到 ELF 到 (ii) ELF 意识用户和英语所有者，最终到 (iii) 潜在的 ELF 意识从业者和 ELF 知识传播者。随着培训的每个阶段定义和隐含角色的变化，ELF意识的职前教师教育模式已被证明有效地使参与者越来越意识到ELF概念。这些数据表明参与者的角色不断演变，从 (i) 外人到 ELF 到 (ii) ELF 意识用户和英语所有者，最终到 (iii) 潜在的 ELF 意识从业者和 ELF 知识传播者。随着培训的每个阶段定义和隐含角色的变化，ELF意识的职前教师教育模式已被证明有效地使参与者越来越意识到ELF概念。这些数据表明参与者的角色不断演变，从 (i) 外人到 ELF 到 (ii) ELF 意识用户和英语所有者，最终到 (iii) 潜在的 ELF 意识从业者和 ELF 知识传播者。随着培训的每个阶段定义和隐含角色的变化，ELF意识的职前教师教育模式已被证明有效地使参与者越来越意识到ELF概念。