The large amount of trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) in wastewater has caused serious impacts on human health. In the past few years, Sulfate radical (SO4•-) based advanced oxidation processes (SR-AOPs) are widely recognized for their high removal rates of recalcitrant TrOCs from water. Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and persulfate (PS) are stable and non-toxic strong oxidizing oxidants and can act as excellent SO4•- precursors. Compared with hydroxyl radicals(·OH)-based methods, SR-AOPs have a series of advantages, such as long half-life and wide pH range, the oxidation capacity of SO4•- approaches or even exceeds that of ·OH under suitable conditions. In this review, we present the progress of activating PS/PMS to remove TrOCs by different methods. These methods include activation by transition metal, ultrasound, UV, etc. Possible activation mechanisms and influencing factors such as pH during the activation are discussed. Finally, future activation studies of PS/PMS are summarized and prospected. This review summarizes previous experiences and presents the current status of SR-AOPs application for TrOCs removal. Misconceptions in research are avoided and a research basis for the removal of TrOCs is provided.

中文翻译：

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基于硫酸根的高级氧化技术在微量有机污染物（TrOCs）降解中的应用：最新进展与展望。

废水中大量的微量有机污染物（TrOCs）对人类健康造成了严重影响。在过去的几年里，基于硫酸根 (SO4•-) 的高级氧化工艺 (SR-AOPs) 因其从水中去除顽固的三氯甲烷的高去除率而得到广泛认可。过一硫酸盐(PMS)和过硫酸盐(PS)是稳定无毒的强氧化性氧化剂，可作为优良的SO4•-前体。与基于羟基自由基(·OH)的方法相比，SR-AOPs具有半衰期长、pH范围宽等一系列优点，在合适的条件下SO4•-的氧化能力接近甚至超过·OH . 在这篇综述中，我们介绍了通过不同方法激活 PS/PMS 以去除 TrOCs 的进展。这些方法包括通过过渡金属、超声波、紫外线等进行活化。讨论了活化过程中可能的活化机制和影响因素，如 pH 值。最后，对PS/PMS的未来激活研究进行了总结和展望。本综述总结了以往的经验，并介绍了 SR-AOPs 应用去除 TrOCs 的现状。避免了研究中的误解，为去除TrOCs提供了研究依据。