<br>加纳沃尔特地区储存花生（ArachishypogaeaL.）的菌群概况、物候学以及潜在的有毒和致病物种,Food Science & Nutrition

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加纳沃尔特地区储存花生（ArachishypogaeaL.）的菌群概况、物候学以及潜在的有毒和致病物种
Food Science & Nutrition ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2022-01-10 , DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2719
Nii Korley Kortei ₁ , Rachel Adinorkie Tetteh ₁ , Michael Wiafe-Kwagyan ₂ , Denick Nii Kotey Amon ₂ , George Tawia Odamtten ₂

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这项研究更新了花生种子中的真菌群及其在储存期间的物候学，以确定它们的发生情况、潜在的产毒物种和储存样品中具有重要病理意义的物种。种子的含水量为5.7%至6.5%，在规定的安全含水量8%以内，以延长保质期。在真菌学培养基（沙氏葡萄糖琼脂 SDA、土霉素葡萄糖酵母提取物 OGYE、马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂、PDA）上培养种子，导致静止孢子在 28–30°C 下重新生长 7–14 天。三种培养基上的真菌种群计数范围为 2.01 至 2.16 log ₁₀ CFU/g 样品，最终 6 个月计数为 1.67-2.60 log ₁₀ CFU/g。在培养基上遇到了属于十个属的十八种不同的真菌物种，即曲霉属、枝孢属、弯孢属、镰孢属、青霉属、木霉属、根霉属、红酵母属、孢子菌属和拟青霉属。曲霉菌属。（ A. niger、A. flavus、A. fumigatus和A. terreus）是最常分离到的，其次是镰刀菌属（F. oxysporum、F. solani和F. verticillioides）、木霉属（T. harzianum和T. harzianum） . viride)、根霉属 (R.oligosporus和R.stolonifer)和青霉 (Penicillium verrucosum )。种子传播的物种（A. niger、A. flavus、A. terreus、A. fumigatus、F. solani、F. verticillioides、T. viride、C. herbarum和Curvularia lunata）在表面灭菌和未经表面消毒的种子。遇到的真菌物种的物候通常遵循五种模式。在整个 6 个月的采样期内，最常分离到的黑曲霉、黄曲霉和烟曲霉占主导地位，而黑曲霉和土曲霉则零星出现并消失。早期定殖者（ R.oligosporus、R.stolonifer和Paecilomyces ）在 2-3 个月后无法分离出来，这可能是由于来自曲霉属物种的更强的抗生素竞争。最主要的曲霉属物种最初占总种群的 36%–48%，但在 6 个月内下降至 10%–36%。具有产真菌潜力和对人类健康具有重要意义的真菌群是黑曲霉、黄曲霉、烟曲霉、轮枝菌和疣状青霉。对植物具有重要病理意义的其他物种是新月弯孢菌 (Curvularia lunata)和尖孢镰刀菌 (Fusarium oxysporum) 。讨论了这些发现的实际意义。

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Mycobiota profile, phenology, and potential toxicogenic and pathogenic species associated with stored groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) from the Volta Region, Ghana

This study updates the mycobiota resident in groundnut seeds, their phenology during storage with the view to ascertain their occurrence, potential toxigenic species, and pathologically important species in the stored samples. The moisture content of the seeds ranged from 5.7% to 6.5% within the stipulated safe moisture content of 8% for extension of shelf life. Culturing the seeds on mycological media (Sabouraud's Dextrose Agar SDA; Oxytetracycline Glucose Yeast Extract OGYE, Potato Dextrose Agar, PDA) caused a de novo growth of the quiescent spores at 28–30°C for 7–14 days. Fungal population counts on the three media ranged from 2.01 to 2.16 log₁₀ CFU/g samples to a final 6-month count of 1.67–2.60 log₁₀ CFU/g. Eighteen different fungal species belonging to ten genera were encountered on the media, namely Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Curvularia, Fusarium, Penicillium, Trichoderma, Rhizopus, Rhodotorula, Sporendonema, and Paecilomyces. Aspergillus spp. (A. niger, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, and A. terreus) were the most frequently isolated, followed by Fusarium species (F. oxysporum, F. solani, and F. verticillioides), Trichoderma (T. harzianum and T. viride), Rhizopus spp (R. oligosporus and R. stolonifer), and Penicillium verrucosum. The species which were seed borne (A. niger, A. flavus, A. terreus, A. fumigatus, F. solani, F. verticillioides, T. viride, C. herbarum, and Curvularia lunata) were isolated on both surface sterilized and non-surface sterilized seeds. The phenology of the encountered fungal species generally followed five patterns. The most frequently isolated Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, and A. fumigatus predominated throughout the 6 months sampling period, while A. ustus and A. terreus appeared sporadically and disappeared. The early colonizers (R. oligosporus, R. stolonifer, and Paecilomyces) could not be isolated after 2–3 months owing presumably to stronger antibiosis competition from the Aspergillus species. The most predominant Aspergillus species initially constituted 36%–48% of the total population but declined to 10%–36% in 6 months. Mycobiota encountered with mycotoxigenic potential and human health importance were A. niger, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, F. verticillioides, and Penicillium verrucosum. Other species of pathological importance to plants were Curvularia lunata and Fusarium oxysporum. The practical implications of these findings are discussed.

更新日期：2022-01-10

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