Abstract

Chirality and chiral structures are ubiquitous in nature, and play vital and essential roles in organisms. Polymer particles have attracted substantial interest because of their wide and significant practical applications. Combining fascinating chirality and the advantages of polymer particles in one entity will open up a great number of advanced functional chiral particles. In spite of the great advancements made in this field, there are only a few review articles summarizing the studies dealing with the research subject. Thus, the present article summarizes the latest progress made in the field, especially the literature published from 2018 to 2021. This review first summarizes the preparation methods toward organic polymer chiral particles (OPCPs), including precipitation polymerization, emulsion polymerization, dispersion polymerization, suspension polymerization, post chiralization, self-assembly, and others. Typical applications of the chiral polymer particles in research fields associated with chirality are introduced, ranging from asymmetric catalysis, chromatographic separation, enantioselective crystallization, enantioselective adsorption to drug release. The existing challenges in OPCPs are presented; and future perspectives in the related research fields are also proposed.

摘要

手性和手性结构在自然界中无处不在，在生物体中起着至关重要的作用。聚合物颗粒因其广泛而重要的实际应用而引起了人们的极大兴趣。将迷人的手性和聚合物粒子的优点结合在一个实体中，将开辟出大量先进的功能性手性粒子。尽管在这一领域取得了巨大进步，但只有几篇综述文章总结了涉及该研究主题的研究。因此，本文总结了该领域取得的最新进展，特别是2018年至2021年发表的文献。本文首先总结了有机聚合物手性粒子（OPCPs）的制备方法，包括沉淀聚合、乳液聚合、分散聚合、悬浮聚合、后手性化、自组装等。介绍了手性聚合物颗粒在与手性相关的研究领域的典型应用，从不对称催化、色谱分离、对映选择性结晶、对映选择性吸附到药物释放。介绍了 OPCP 中的现有挑战；并提出了相关研究领域的未来展望。