溶细胞素 A (ClyA)：一种在纳米孔技术、疫苗开发和肿瘤治疗中具有潜在应用的细菌毒力因子,Toxins

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溶细胞素 A (ClyA)：一种在纳米孔技术、疫苗开发和肿瘤治疗中具有潜在应用的细菌毒力因子
Toxins ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2022-01-24 , DOI: 10.3390/toxins14020078
Kazunori Murase ₁

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溶细胞素 A (ClyA) 是一种成孔毒素，由肠杆菌科的一些细菌产生。本综述概述了关于 ClyA 的知识现状，包括编码基因的流行及其转录调控、蛋白质使用的分泌途径和蛋白质组装机制，并强调了 ClyA 在生物技术中的潜在应用。ClyA 表达在转录水平受到调节，主要是响应环境压力，并且 ClyA 可以作为可溶性单体和寡聚膜复合物稳定存在。在高浓度时，ClyA 会诱导细胞溶解，而在低浓度时，ClyA 会影响细胞内信号传导。ClyA 在外膜囊泡 (OMV) 中分泌，这对生物技术应用具有重要意义。例如，ClyA 的天然成孔能力表明它可以用作基于纳米孔的技术的一个组成部分，例如测序平台。由于 ClyA 能够在 OMV 表面呈递抗原并引发强烈的免疫反应，因此 ClyA 也被用于疫苗开发。此外，已经研究了单独的 ClyA 或携带 ClyA 融合蛋白的 OMV 作为抗肿瘤剂的潜在用途。

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Cytolysin A (ClyA): A Bacterial Virulence Factor with Potential Applications in Nanopore Technology, Vaccine Development, and Tumor Therapy

Cytolysin A (ClyA) is a pore-forming toxin that is produced by some bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae family. This review provides an overview of the current state of knowledge regarding ClyA, including the prevalence of the encoding gene and its transcriptional regulation, the secretion pathway used by the protein, and the mechanism of protein assembly, and highlights potential applications of ClyA in biotechnology. ClyA expression is regulated at the transcriptional level, primarily in response to environmental stressors, and ClyA can exist stably both as a soluble monomer and as an oligomeric membrane complex. At high concentrations, ClyA induces cytolysis, whereas at low concentrations ClyA can affect intracellular signaling. ClyA is secreted in outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), which has important implications for biotechnology applications. For example, the native pore-forming ability of ClyA suggests that it could be used as a component of nanopore-based technologies, such as sequencing platforms. ClyA has also been exploited in vaccine development owing to its ability to present antigens on the OMV surface and provoke a robust immune response. In addition, ClyA alone or OMVs carrying ClyA fusion proteins have been investigated for their potential use as anti-tumor agents.

更新日期：2022-01-24

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