Improvements to perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have focused on increasing their power conversion efficiency (PCE) and operational stability and maintaining high performance upon scale-up to module sizes. We report that replacing the commonly used mesoporous–titanium dioxide electron transport layer (ETL) with a thin layer of polyacrylic acid–stabilized tin(IV) oxide quantum dots (paa-QD-SnO 2 ) on the compact–titanium dioxide enhanced light capture and largely suppressed nonradiative recombination at the ETL–perovskite interface. The use of paa-QD-SnO 2 as electron-selective contact enabled PSCs (0.08 square centimeters) with a PCE of 25.7% (certified 25.4%) and high operational stability and facilitated the scale-up of the PSCs to larger areas. PCEs of 23.3, 21.7, and 20.6% were achieved for PSCs with active areas of 1, 20, and 64 square centimeters, respectively.

中文翻译：

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共形量子点-SnO 2 层作为高效钙钛矿太阳能电池的电子传输体

钙钛矿太阳能电池 (PSC) 的改进主要集中在提高其功率转换效率 (PCE) 和操作稳定性，并在扩大到模块尺寸时保持高性能。我们报告了用聚丙烯酸稳定的氧化锡 (IV) 量子点 (paa-QD-SnO) 薄层代替常用的介孔二氧化钛电子传输层 (ETL)2）在致密的二氧化钛上增强了光捕获并在很大程度上抑制了ETL-钙钛矿界面处的非辐射复合。paa-QD-SnO的用途2由于电子选择性接触使 PSCs（0.08 平方厘米）具有 25.7%（认证为 25.4%）的 PCE 和高操作稳定性，并有助于将 PSCs 扩大到更大的区域。活性面积分别为 1、20 和 64 平方厘米的 PSC 的 PCE 分别为 23.3、21.7 和 20.6%。