Fabrication of ionic liquid stabilized MXene interface for electrochemical dopamine detection,Microchimica Acta

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Fabrication of ionic liquid stabilized MXene interface for electrochemical dopamine detection
Microchimica Acta ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2022-01-17 , DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05162-3
Umay Amara _{1,

2} , Akhtar Hayat ₁ , Mian Hasnain Nawaz ₁ , Khalid Mahmood ₂ , Bilal Sarfraz ₃ , Muhammad Taqi Mehran ₃ , Nawshad Muhammad ₄

Affiliation

Development of MXene (Ti₃C₂Cl₂)-based sensing platforms by exploiting their inherent active electrochemistry is highly challenging due to their characteristic poor stability in air and water. Herein, we report a cost-effective methodology to deposit MXene on a conductive graphitic pencil electrode (GPE). MXenes can provide active surface area due to their clever morphology of accordion-like sheets; however, the disposition to stack together limits their potential applications. A task-specific ionic liquid (1-methyl imidazolium acetate) is utilized as a multiplex host material to engineer MXene interface via π-π interactions as well as to act as a selective binding site for biomolecules. The resulting IL-MXene/GPE interface proved to be a highly stable interface owing to good interactions between MXene and IL that inhibited electrode leaching and boosted electron transfer at the electrode–electrolyte interface. It resulted in robust dopamine (DA) oxidation with amplified faradaic response and enhanced sensitivity (9.61 µA µM⁻¹ cm⁻²) for DA detection. This fabricated sensor demonstrated large linear range (10 µM − 2000 µM), low detection limit (702 nM), high reproducibility, and good selectivity. We anticipate that such platform will pave the way for the development of stable and economically viable MXene-based sensors without sacrificing their inherent properties.

Graphical abstract

Scheme 1 Schematic illustration of the IL-MXene/GPE fabrication and oxidative process towards non-enzymatic dopamine sensor

中文翻译：

制备用于电化学多巴胺检测的离子液体稳定的 MXene 界面

MXene (Ti ₃ C ₂ Cl _{2 ) 的开发}) 基于传感平台利用其固有的活性电化学特性，由于其在空气和水中稳定性差的特点，极具挑战性。在这里，我们报告了一种在导电石墨铅笔电极 (GPE) 上沉积 MXene 的经济有效的方法。MXenes 可以提供活性表面积，因为它们具有手风琴状薄片的巧妙形态；然而，堆叠在一起的倾向限制了它们的潜在应用。一种特定任务的离子液体（乙酸 1-甲基咪唑鎓）被用作多重主体材料，通过 π-π 相互作用设计 MXene 界面，并充当生物分子的选择性结合位点。由于 MXene 和 IL 之间的良好相互作用抑制了电极浸出并促进了电极-电解质界面处的电子转移，由此得到的 IL-MXene/GPE 界面被证明是一种高度稳定的界面。它导致强大的多巴胺 (DA) 氧化，具有放大的法拉第响应和增强的灵敏度 (9.61 µA µM^-1 cm ^-2 ) 用于 DA 检测。这种制造的传感器表现出较大的线性范围 (10 µM - 2000 µM)、低检测限 (702 nM)、高重现性和良好的选择性。我们预计，这样的平台将为开发稳定且经济可行的基于 MXene 的传感器铺平道路，而不会牺牲其固有特性。