复合 GaInSn 和 BiInSn 合金系统形成多相软金属,ACS Applied Electronic Materials

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复合 GaInSn 和 BiInSn 合金系统形成多相软金属
ACS Applied Electronic Materials ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2022-01-13 , DOI: 10.1021/acsaelm.1c00722
Liangfei Duan ₁ , Yuming Zhang ₁ , Jianhong Zhao ₁ , Qian Li ₂ , Jin Zhang ₁ , Junjie He ₁ , Jing Liu _{2,

3} , Qingju Liu ₁

Affiliation

新兴的功能性室温液态金属通常包括镓基和铋基合金。它们优异的导电性、导热性、柔韧性、流动性和反射率使其能够在许多领域得到应用。但是，在其应用之前，还有不少问题需要解决。例如，液态金属由于表面张力高、流动性大，往往难以在固体基材上粘附和扩散，阻碍了应用和推广。在这里，我们报告了一种从镓基和铋基合金中开发多相软金属的方法。_{特别是从 Ga 67} In _20.5 Sn _12.5和 Bi _33.1发展而来的 GaBiInSn 合金的室温多相软金属_{首次报道了51.3} Sn _15.6合金通过复合、混合和热处理，分别包括固相、液相和糊相。游离金属合金晶粒分散在 GaBiInSn 合金中并在不同相间不断过渡。更重要的是，可以通过调整各组分的质量比来改变游离金属合金晶粒的结构、尺寸、密度等特性。通过控制相变可以控制和优化多相软金属的表面形貌、结构、润湿性、附着力、功函数和光电特性。结果，得到的Ga _50.25 Bi _8.28 In _28.2 Sn的润湿性_13.27明显提高（接触角从118.5°降低到94°），具有高功函数（4.75 eV）、高反射率（78.14%）、低电阻率（2.94 × 10 ^–7 Ω m）。同时，展示了多相材料的几个典型应用。这项工作的结果将为直接在PI、PET和丝绸上制备液态金属柔性电极提供一种有前景的策略，并且在大变形和卷曲条件下仍能保持良好的稳定性。

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Formation of Multiphase Soft Metal from Compositing GaInSn and BiInSn Alloy Systems

Emerging functional room-temperature liquid metals generally include gallium-based and bismuth-based alloys. Their excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, flexibility, fluidity, and reflectivity can enable their application in many fields. However, there are quite a few problems that need to be solved before their application. For example, liquid metals are often difficult to adhere and diffuse on solid substrates due to their high surface tension and fluidity, which hinders the application and promotion. Herein, we report a method to develop multiphase soft metals from gallium- and bismuth-based alloys. Particularly, room-temperature multiphase soft metals of GaBiInSn alloys developed from Ga₆₇In_20.5Sn_12.5 and Bi_33.1In_51.3Sn_15.6 alloys via compositing, mixing, and heating treatment are first reported, which include the solid phase, liquid phase, and paste phase, respectively. The free metal alloy grains are dispersed in GaBiInSn alloys and transition constantly among different phases. More importantly, the structure, size, density, and other characteristics of free metal alloy grains can be modified by adjusting the mass ratio of each component. The surface morphology, structure, wettability, adhesion, work function, and photoelectric characteristics of multiphase soft metals can be controlled and optimized by controlling phase transition. As a result, the wettability of the obtained Ga_50.25Bi_8.28In_28.2Sn_13.27 is obviously improved (the contact angle decreased from 118.5° to 94°), with a high work function (4.75 eV), high reflectivity (78.14%), low electrical resistivity (2.94 × 10^–7 Ω m). Meanwhile, several typical applications of the multiphase materials were demonstrated. The results of this work will offer a promising strategy to directly prepare liquid metal flexible electrodes on PI, PET, and silk, and also, the stability can be kept well under large deformation and curling conditions.

更新日期：2022-01-25

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