Macamides are the major and unique bioactive compounds of Lepidium meyenii (Walp.) or Maca. N-benzyl-(9Z, 12Z)-octadecadienamide (N-benzyl-linoleamide) is one of the most biologically active macamides with various pharmacological activities - anti-fatigue, neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-tumoral activities, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic. In this study, the anti-fatigue properties of N-benzyl-(9Z, 12Z)-octadecadienamide were further evaluated by a weight-loaded forced swimming test. Results indicated N-benzyl-(9Z, 12Z)-octadecadienamide supplementation increased the forelimb grip strength of mice and exercising time remaining on the Rota-rod test. Furthermore, significant decreases in pro-inflammatory factors and reactive oxygen species (ROS) contents were observed in mice receiving N-benzyl-(9Z, 12Z)-octadecadienamide treatment after a 30 min swimming test, which was equivalent to that of caffeine. Histological analysis also indicated that N-benzyl-(9Z, 12Z)-octadecadienamide attenuated damage to the liver in mice by up-regulating the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and inhibiting the expression of Interleukin (IL)-1β during exercise. Pearson correlation analysis suggested peripheral fatigue indexes, including energy sources, metabolites were significantly correlated with inflammatory factors and ROS levels. Likewise, central fatigue parameters are also associated, including hippocampal inflammatory response and hypothalamic neurotransmitters. Hence, macamides can be considered to have great potential as a natural drug with high efficiency and low side effects for fatigue management.

Macamides是Lepidium meyenii的主要和独特的生物活性化合物（Walp。）或玛卡。N-苄基-(9Z, 12Z)-十八碳二烯酰胺（N-benzyl-linoleamide）是最具生物活性的macamides之一，具有多种药理活性——抗疲劳、神经保护、抗氧化、抗肿瘤活性、抗炎和镇痛. 在这项研究中，通过负重强迫游泳试验进一步评估了 N-苄基-(9Z, 12Z)-十八碳烯酰胺的抗疲劳特性。结果表明，N-苄基-(9Z, 12Z)-十八碳烯酰胺补充剂增加了小鼠的前肢握力和旋转棒试验的剩余运动时间。此外，在游泳试验 30 分钟后，在接受 N-苄基-(9Z, 12Z)-十八碳二烯酰胺处理的小鼠中观察到促炎因子和活性氧 (ROS) 含量显着降低，这与咖啡因相当。组织学分析还表明，N-苄基-（9Z，12Z）-十八碳烯酰胺通过上调血红素加氧酶-1（HO-1）的表达和抑制白细胞介素（IL）-1β的表达来减轻小鼠肝脏的损伤。运动时。Pearson相关分析表明，包括能量来源、代谢物在内的外周疲劳指标与炎症因子和活性氧水平显着相关。同样，中枢疲劳参数也相关，包括海马炎症反应和下丘脑神经递质。因此，macamides可以被认为具有作为一种具有高效率和低副作用的疲劳管理的天然药物的巨大潜力。12Z)-十八碳烯酰胺通过上调血红素加氧酶-1 (HO-1) 的表达和抑制白细胞介素 (IL)-1β 的表达来减轻小鼠肝脏的损伤。Pearson相关分析表明，包括能量来源、代谢物在内的外周疲劳指标与炎症因子和活性氧水平显着相关。同样，中枢疲劳参数也相关，包括海马炎症反应和下丘脑神经递质。因此，macamides可以被认为具有作为一种具有高效率和低副作用的疲劳管理的天然药物的巨大潜力。12Z)-十八碳烯酰胺通过上调血红素加氧酶-1 (HO-1) 的表达和抑制白细胞介素 (IL)-1β 的表达来减轻小鼠肝脏的损伤。Pearson相关分析表明，包括能量来源、代谢物在内的外周疲劳指标与炎症因子和活性氧水平显着相关。同样，中枢疲劳参数也相关，包括海马炎症反应和下丘脑神经递质。因此，macamides可以被认为具有作为一种具有高效率和低副作用的疲劳管理的天然药物的巨大潜力。代谢物与炎症因子和活性氧水平显着相关。同样，中枢疲劳参数也相关，包括海马炎症反应和下丘脑神经递质。因此，macamides可以被认为具有作为一种具有高效率和低副作用的疲劳管理的天然药物的巨大潜力。代谢物与炎症因子和活性氧水平显着相关。同样，中枢疲劳参数也相关，包括海马炎症反应和下丘脑神经递质。因此，macamides可以被认为具有作为一种具有高效率和低副作用的疲劳管理的天然药物的巨大潜力。