Abstract

Imidazole is a five-membered heterocyclic ring containing three carbon atoms, two nitrogen atoms, and two double bonds. Among two nitrogen atoms, one of which carries with a hydrogen atom is a pyrrole-type nitrogen atom, another is a pyridine type nitrogen atom. Hence, the imidazole ring belongs to the π electron-rich aromatic ring and can accept strong suction to the electronic group. Moreover, the nitrogen atom of the imidazole ring is coordinated with metal ions to form metal-organic frameworks. In recent years, because of imidazole compounds’ unique optical properties, their applications have attracted more and more attention in optical analysis. Thus, this review has summarized the synthesis, characterization, and application with emphasis on the research progress of imidazole compounds in optical analysis, including fluorescence probe, colorimetric probe, electrochemiluminescence sensor, fiber optical sensor, surface plasmon resonance, etc. This paper will suggest the direction for the development of imidazole-containing sensors with high sensitivity and selectivity.

摘要

咪唑是含有三个碳原子、两个氮原子和两个双键的五元杂环。两个氮原子中，一个带有氢原子的是吡咯型氮原子，另一个是吡啶型氮原子。因此，咪唑环属于π电子富集的芳香环，对电子基团具有很强的吸力。此外，咪唑环的氮原子与金属离子配位形成金属有机骨架。近年来，由于咪唑类化合物独特的光学性质，其在光学分析中的应用越来越受到重视。因此，本综述总结了咪唑类化合物的合成、表征和应用，重点介绍了咪唑类化合物在光学分析中的研究进展，包括荧光探针、