An accurate understanding of reaction mechanisms is crucial for the rational design of highly efficient catalytic materials for electrochemical CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂RR). In situ characterization methods are powerful to reveal structure–performance correlations of working catalysts under reaction conditions. Electrochemical in situ Raman spectroscopy is able to probe catalyst structures as well as reaction intermediates on/near catalyst surfaces in an electrochemical environment. In this short review, we briefly introduce the principle of electrochemical in situ Raman spectroscopy and highlight recent advances of its applications in tracking structure evolution of catalyst surfaces and identifying reaction intermediates during CO₂RR over selected Cu catalysts. The research challenges and opportunities of investigating CO₂RR mechanisms using electrochemical in situ Raman spectroscopy are also proposed.

准确了解反应机理对于合理设计用于电化学CO ₂还原反应（CO ₂ RR）的高效催化材料至关重要。原位表征方法可以有效地揭示反应条件下工作催化剂的结构-性能相关性。电化学原位拉曼光谱能够在电化学环境中探测催化剂结构以及催化剂表面上/附近的反应中间体。在这篇简短的综述中，我们简要介绍了电化学原位拉曼光谱的原理，并重点介绍了其在跟踪催化剂表面结构演变和识别 CO _{2过程中的反应中间体方面的最新进展}RR 在选定的铜催化剂上。还提出了使用电化学原位拉曼光谱研究 CO ₂ RR 机制的研究挑战和机遇。