Aims

Adopting effective self-care behaviors is essential in maintaining optimal glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of health literacy-based, health belief-constructed education and counseling on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in people with type 2 diabetes.

Methods

The parallel-group, randomized controlled study was conducted between June 2019 and March 2020. One hundred and twenty patients were randomized to receive either 12-week health literacy-based group education and phone counseling (intervention, 60 patients) or routine diabetic care (control, 60 patients). The study was completed with 107 patients (54 intervention, 53 control). HbA1c (primary outcome), self-efficacy, perceived susceptibility, severity, barriers, and benefits (secondary outcomes) were evaluated at baseline and six months.

Results

Both groups had decreases in HbA1c. There was no significant decrease in HbA1c between the intervention and control groups. However, there was a significant improvement in self-efficacy, change in perceived susceptibility, perceived barriers, and perceived benefits in the intervention group. This effect was the same for all patients in the high and low health literacy intervention groups.

Conclusions

Education and counseling based on health literacy levels and framed with health belief constructs change health beliefs, predicting higher engagement and efficacy in disease management activities.

Clinical trial number

NCT04677127.

中文翻译：

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基于健康素养、基于健康信念的教育对 2 型糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白 (HbA1c) 的影响：一项随机对照研究

目标

采取有效的自我保健行为对于维持最佳糖化血红蛋白 (HbA1c) 水平至关重要。该研究旨在评估基于健康素养、基于健康信念的教育和咨询对 2 型糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白 (HbA1c) 的影响。

方法

平行组、随机对照研究于 2019 年 6 月至 2020 年 3 月期间进行。120 名患者被随机分配接受为期 12 周的基于健康素养的小组教育和电话咨询（干预，60 名患者）或常规糖尿病护理（对照，60 名患者）。该研究在 107 名患者中完成（54 名干预，53 名对照）。在基线和六个月时评估 HbA1c（主要结果）、自我效能、感知易感性、严重性、障碍和益处（次要结果）。

结果

两组的 HbA1c 均有所下降。干预组和对照组之间的 HbA1c 没有显着降低。然而，干预组的自我效能感、感知易感性、感知障碍和感知收益有显着改善。这种效果对于高健康素养干预组和低健康素养干预组的所有患者都是相同的。

结论

基于健康素养水平和健康信念结构的教育和咨询会改变健康信念，预测疾病管理活动的更高参与度和有效性。

临床试验编号

NCT04677127。