The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is a classification of health and health-related states developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to provide a standard and unified language to be used as a reference model for the description of health and health-related states. The concept of functioning on which ICF is based is that of a “dynamic interaction between a person’s health condition, environmental factors and personal factors”. This overall model has been translated into a classification covering all the main components of functioning. However, the practical use of ICF has highlighted some formal problems, mainly concerning conceptual clarity and ontological coherence. In the present work, we propose an initial ontological formalization of ICF beyond its current status, focusing specifically on the interaction between activities and participation and environmental factors. The formalization has been based on ontology engineering methods to drive goal and scope definition, knowledge acquisition, selection of an upper ontology for mapping, conceptual model definition and evaluation, and finally representation using the Ontology Web Language (OWL). A conceptual model has been defined in a graphical language that included 202 entities, when possible mapped to the SUMO upper ontology. The conceptual model has been validated against 60 case studies from the literature, plus 6 ad-hoc case studies. The model has been then represented using OWL. This formalization might provide the basis for a revision of the ICF classification in line with current efforts made by WHO on the International Classification of Diseases and on the International Classification of Health Interventions.

中文翻译：

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国际功能、残疾和健康分类 (ICF) 的本体建模：活动与参与和环境因素组件

国际功能、残疾和健康分类 (ICF) 是由世界卫生组织 (WHO) 制定的健康和健康相关状态分类，旨在提供标准和统一的语言，作为描述健康的参考模型和健康相关的国家。ICF 所依据的功能概念是“一个人的健康状况、环境因素和个人因素之间的动态相互作用”。这个整体模型已被转化为涵盖所有主要功能组件的分类。然而，ICF 的实际使用突出了一些形式上的问题，主要涉及概念的清晰性和本体的连贯性。在目前的工作中，我们提出了 ICF 超越其当前状态的初始本体形式化，特别关注活动和参与与环境因素之间的相互作用。形式化基于本体工程方法来驱动目标和范围定义、知识获取、选择用于映射的上层本体、概念模型定义和评估，最后使用本体 Web 语言 (OWL) 进行表示。一个概念模型以图形语言定义，包括 202 个实体，在可能的情况下映射到 SUMO 上层本体。该概念模型已针对文献中的 60 个案例研究以及 6 个临时案例研究进行了验证。然后使用 OWL 表示该模型。