The increasing demand for mobile computing, communications, and robotics presents a growing need for suitable portable power solutions in non-flat customized electronic devices. Fibers as fundamental building blocks of fabrics and 3D-printed objects provide unique opportunities for developing pervasive multidimensional power systems. The characteristic small diameter (<10⁻³ m) and high aspect ratios (>10⁶) of fibers and expansion of fibers into 2D and 3D power systems necessitate ultra-long lengths to meet the energy specifications of portable electronic systems. Here, we present a Li-ion battery fiber, fabricated for the first time using a thermal drawing method which occurs with simultaneous flows of multiple complex electroactive gels, particles, and polymers within protective flexible cladding. This top-down approach allows for the production of fully-functional and arbitrarily long lithium-ion fiber batteries. The continuous 140 m fiber battery demonstrates a discharge capacity of ∼123 mAh and discharge energy of ∼217 mWh. The scalability and material tunability of these fibers position them for use in varied non-planar electronic systems, including a 1D-flexible electronic fiber, a 2D-large-scale machine woven electronic fabric (∼1.6 m²), and a 3D-printed structural electronic system. The fiber battery satisfies the requirements of portable electronics systems as it is machine washable, flexible, usable underwater, and fire/rupture-safe. We have demonstrated the powering of a submarine drone, LiFi fabric, and flying drone communication through different rechargeable fiber battery schemes, which paves the way for the emergence of the pervasive battery-powered electronics.

对移动计算、通信和机器人技术的需求不断增长，对非平面定制电子设备中合适的便携式电源解决方案的需求不断增长。纤维作为织物和 3D 打印物体的基本组成部分，为开发普遍的多维电力系统提供了独特的机会。特征小直径（<10 ^-3 m）和高纵横比（>10 ⁶) 的纤维以及将纤维扩展到 2D 和 3D 电力系统需要超长长度才能满足便携式电子系统的能量规格。在这里，我们展示了一种锂离子电池纤维，该纤维首次使用热拉法制造，这种方法在保护性柔性包层内同时流动多种复杂的电活性凝胶、颗粒和聚合物。这种自上而下的方法允许生产功能齐全且任意长度的锂离子纤维电池。连续的 140 m 纤维电池的放电容量约为 123 mAh，放电能量约为 217 mWh。这些纤维的可扩展性和材料可调谐性使其可用于各种非平面电子系统，包括一维柔性电子纤维、二维大型机织电子织物（~1.6 m² )，以及 3D 打印的结构电子系统。纤维电池满足便携式电子系统的要求，因为它可机洗、灵活、可在水下使用以及防火/防破裂。我们已经展示了通过不同的可充电纤维电池方案为潜艇无人机、LiFi 织物和飞行无人机通信供电，这为无处不在的电池供电电子设备的出现铺平了道路。