Relaxation Effects of Essential Oils Are Explained by Their Interactions with Human Brain Neurotransmitter Receptors and Electroencephalography Rhythms,ACS Chemical Neuroscience

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Relaxation Effects of Essential Oils Are Explained by Their Interactions with Human Brain Neurotransmitter Receptors and Electroencephalography Rhythms
ACS Chemical Neuroscience ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-12-17 , DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00731
Minoli Aponso ₁ , Milton T W Hearn ₁ , Antonio F Patti ₁ , Louise E Bennett ₁

Affiliation

Inhaled essential oils (EOs) are bioavailable to the brain and are consistently reported to promote relaxation effects. Their mechanisms of action are however not well understood. The aim of this investigation was to assess the neuroactivity of EOs based on their (i) binding interactions to neurotransmitter receptors and (ii) bioelectrical activities in the brain as measured by electroencephalography (EEG). These EO properties were compared to those of reference pharmaceutical compounds with effects also measured by EEG. Relative receptor binding efficacies of 10 reference compounds, 180 EOs, and 9 EO extracts with 7 different neurotransmitter receptors were calculated using in silico molecular docking procedures. Changes in brain EEG rhythms, as standardized changes in absolute power, were determined for the reference compounds and selected EOs and compared to receptor binding efficacy results. The reference compounds had diverse receptor binding patterns, with EEG responses dominated by EEG-delta wave frequencies. In contrast, the receptor binding pattern of the EOs was remarkably consistent and replicated a subclinical affinity pattern corresponding to the inhibitory glycine-α-GLRA3 and dopamine-D2 receptors, producing responses dominated by EEG-alpha wave frequencies. The results support the hypothesis that EOs stimulate neuroactivity by modulating patterns of neurotransmission affecting alpha wave EEG responses.

中文翻译：

精油的放松作用通过它们与人脑神经递质受体和脑电图节律的相互作用来解释

吸入精油 (EO) 对大脑具有生物可利用性，并且一直被报道可以促进放松效果。然而，它们的作用机制尚不清楚。这项研究的目的是评估 EO 的神经活性，基于它们 (i) 与神经递质受体的结合相互作用和 (ii) 通过脑电图 (EEG) 测量的大脑中的生物电活动。这些 EO 特性与参考药物化合物的特性进行了比较，其效果也通过 EEG 测量。使用计算机计算了 10 种参考化合物、180 种 EO 和 9 种 EO 提取物与 7 种不同神经递质受体的相对受体结合功效分子对接程序。确定了参考化合物和选定的 EO 的脑 EEG 节律变化，作为绝对功率的标准化变化，并与受体结合功效结果进行比较。参考化合物具有不同的受体结合模式，EEG 反应以 EEG-delta 波频率为主。相比之下，EOs 的受体结合模式非常一致，并复制了与抑制性甘氨酸-α-GLRA3 和多巴胺-D2 受体相对应的亚临床亲和模式，产生以 EEG-α 波频率为主的反应。结果支持这样的假设，即 EOs 通过调节影响 α 波 EEG 反应的神经传递模式来刺激神经活动。

更新日期：2022-01-05

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