In two publications from 1967 and 1971, M. Masali described human skeletal remains presumed to have been found in the Balzi Rossi caves (Ventimiglia, Italy), based on a signed note dated to 1908. Since then, the remains - dubbed "Conio's Finds" and preserved at the University of Torino - had not been further studied. We performed a multidisciplinary investigation aimed at clarifying the geographical and chronological attribution of these specimens. Collagen extraction for AMS dating was unsuccessful, but we obtained two direct dates on the best- preserved crania via 231Pa/235U direct gamma-ray spectrometry (10,500±2,000 years BP and 12,500±2,500 years BP). We analyzed the metrics and morphology of the crania and femora by comparing them with samples belonging to the Upper Paleolithic, Mesolithic, and Neolithic periods, and evidenced that the "Conio's Finds" are morphologically more compatible with a Late Pleistocene rather than Holocene attribution. We analyzed the literature regarding the history of excavations at Balzi Rossi, and we propose that - if any credence should be given to the note accompanying the material - the remains may have been found in front of Grotta dei Fanciulli or Grotta del Caviglione, in the redeposited soil dug up during the installation of lime kilns carried out between the late 18th and the early 19th centuries. These hypotheses may be tested in the future by comparing the speleothem deposited on one of the crania and the remaining deposit at the site.

中文翻译：

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多代理分析表明，晚更新世人类骨骼遗骸的亲缘关系归因于巴尔齐·罗西 (Balzi Rossi)。


在 1967 年和 1971 年的两本出版物中，M. Masali 根据 1908 年签署的注释描述了推测在巴尔齐·罗西洞穴（意大利文蒂米利亚）发现的人类骨骼遗骸。从那时起，这些遗骸被称为“科尼奥的发现” ”并保存在都灵大学 - 尚未得到进一步研究。我们进行了一项多学科调查，旨在澄清这些标本的地理和年代归属。胶原蛋白提取用于 AMS 测年并不成功，但我们通过 231Pa/235U 直接伽马射线光谱法获得了保存最完好的颅骨的两个直接年代（距今 10,500±2,000 年和距今 12,500±2,500 年）。我们通过将颅骨和股骨与旧石器时代晚期、中石器时代和新石器时代的样本进行比较，分析了头骨和股骨的指标和形态，并证明“康尼奥的发现”在形态上更符合晚更新世而非全新世的归属。我们分18 世纪末至 19 世纪初安装石灰窑时挖出的重新沉积的土壤。这些假设将来可能会通过比较沉积在其中一个头骨上的洞穴和该地点剩余的沉积物来检验。