用于作物植物中延长抗病毒保护的 RNA 分子的纳米递送：综述,ACS Applied Nano Materials

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用于作物植物中延长抗病毒保护的 RNA 分子的纳米递送：综述
ACS Applied Nano Materials ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-12-09 , DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.1c03512
Teja Shidore ₁ , Nubia Zuverza-Mena ₂ , Jason C. White ₂ , Washington da Silva ₁

Affiliation

外源应用 RNA 分子，如 siRNA 或 dsRNA，用于 RNAi 诱导以控制植物病毒感染，有可能成为转基因植物的有效和可持续替代品。高通量测序分析可以通过指导基因组区域的鉴定来帮助最大限度地提高该技术的结果，这些区域可能是叶面应用的理想 dsRNA/hpRNA/siRNA 模板。不幸的是，局部应用的 RNA 分子的不稳定性只能提供短期的病毒感染保护（~5 天）。使用纳米材料作为 RNA 分子载体的创新方法不仅可以帮助克服这一缺点，而且还可以更持久和有针对性地释放分子。然而，关于使用纳米材料外源应用 RNA 分子以实现长期抗病毒保护的知识有限。本综述讨论了病毒 dsRNA 用于病毒控制的外源应用技术以及高通量测序技术在设计最佳活性 RNA 分子方面的潜在用途。此外，还全面概述了可能是 RNAi 介导的病毒控制的理想选择的潜在纳米材料，并强调需要开发用于相同目的的智能和响应性工程纳米材料。

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Nanoenabled Delivery of RNA Molecules for Prolonged Antiviral Protection in Crop Plants: A Review

Exogenous application of RNA molecules, such as siRNA or dsRNA, for RNAi induction to control plant virus infections has the potential to be an effective and sustainable alternative to transgenic plants. High throughput sequencing analysis can help to maximize the outcome of this technique by guiding the identification of genomic regions that could be ideal as dsRNA/hpRNA/siRNA templates for foliar application. Unfortunately, the instability of topically applied RNA molecules provides only short-term protection against virus infection (∼5 days). Innovative approaches such as the use of nanomaterials as carriers of RNA molecules could not only help overcome this shortcoming but also allow a more sustained and targeted release of the molecules. However, limited knowledge is available on the use of nanomaterials for exogenous application of RNA molecules to achieve prolonged antiviral protection. This review discusses the technique of exogenous application of viral dsRNA for virus control and the potential use of high throughput sequencing technology for designing optimally active RNA molecules. Furthermore, a comprehensive overview of potential nanomaterials that could be ideal for RNAi-mediated virus control is provided with emphasis on the need to develop smart and responsive engineered nanomaterials for the same purpose.

更新日期：2021-12-24

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