The development of phosphors with efficient narrow-band and tunable emission in the entire visible region is an important issue in solid-state-lighting and backlighting displays related to energy saving and environmentally friendly technology. To modify the emission color and to maximize the luminescence characteristics, oxides and nitrides as well as various cation substitutions are often used. Nonetheless, the existing mechanisms do not satisfactorily describe the above characteristics. The factors which define the luminescence features are the centroid shift, Stokes shift, crystal field splitting, and bandwidth. This study comprehensively describes these characteristics, along with the role of cation substitutions in UCr₄C₄ type compounds. To efficiently control the factors that govern the luminescence characteristics, several structural strategies are proposed, including (1) chemical composition and crystal structure modifications, (2) alteration of an appropriate activator crystallographic site, and (3) control of the crystalline phase transition. White LEDs manufacturing and state-of-the-art applications, including wide color gamut display and full-spectrum solid-state lighting, along with near-infrared technology are thoroughly discussed. Challenges and potential prospects are also suggested. The ultimate aim of this paper is to contribute to the effort for producing novel materials which will be suitable for the next-generation of phosphors that can be used in various emerging energy applications.

开发在整个可见光区具有高效窄带和可调发射的荧光粉是固态照明和背光显示器中与节能环保技术相关的重要问题。为了改变发光颜色并使发光特性最大化，经常使用氧化物和氮化物以及各种阳离子取代物。尽管如此，现有的机制并不能令人满意地描述上述特征。定义发光特征的因素是质心位移、斯托克斯位移、晶体场分裂和带宽。本研究全面描述了这些特征，以及阳离子取代在 UCr ₄ C _{4 中的作用}型化合物。为了有效地控制控制发光特性的因素，提出了几种结构策略，包括（1）化学成分和晶体结构修改，（2）适当的活化剂晶体位点的改变，以及（3）结晶相变的控制。白光 LED 的制造和最先进的应用，包括广色域显示和全光谱固态照明，以及近红外技术，都进行了深入讨论。还提出了挑战和潜在的前景。本文的最终目的是为生产适用于可用于各种新兴能源应用的下一代荧光粉的新型材料做出贡献。