Light has played a crucial role in the age of information technology and has facilitated the soaring development of information optics. The ever-increasing demand for high-capacity optical devices has prompted the use of physically orthogonal dimensions of light for optical multiplexing. Recent advances in nanotechnology, mainly stemming from functionalized nanomaterials and powerful nanofabrication tools, have propelled the fusion of optical multiplexing and nanophotonics (the study of light at nanoscale and of its interactions with nanostructures) by enabling ultrahigh-capacity information technology. This review aims to introduce the emerging concept of angular momentum (AM)-involved information optics and its implementation in nanophotonic devices. First, previous researches on the manipulation of spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM) by nanostructures will be reviewed. We then summarize the SAM multiplexing technology on the platform of metasurfaces. Particularly, we elaborately summarize our recent progress in the area of information optics, including OAM holography and on-chip AM multiplexing technology. Finally, a perspective in the combination of this emerging field with optical artificial intelligence (AI) will be given.

中文翻译：

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用于高维信息光学的光学角动量的纳米光子操纵

光在信息技术时代起到了至关重要的作用，促进了信息光学的飞速发展。对高容量光学设备不断增长的需求促使使用物理上正交的光维度进行光复用。纳米技术的最新进展，主要源于功能化纳米材料和强大的纳米制造工具，通过实现超高容量信息技术，推动了光复用和纳米光子学（纳米级光及其与纳米结构相互作用的研究）的融合。本综述旨在介绍角动量 (AM) 相关信息光学的新兴概念及其在纳米光子器件中的实现。第一的，回顾以往关于纳米结构操纵自旋角动量（SAM）和轨道角动量（OAM）的研究。然后我们总结了超表面平台上的SAM复用技术。特别是，我们精心总结了我们在信息光学领域的最新进展，包括OAM全息和片上AM复用技术。最后，将给出这一新兴领域与光学人工智能 (AI) 相结合的前景。