Ultra-fine Ta₄HfC₅ and TaHfC₂ powders were prepared through the pyrolysis of a precursor synthesised by using a facile one-pot reaction. HfCl₄, TaCl₅, and phenolic resins were used as the sources of hafnium (Hf), tantalum (Ta), and carbon (C), respectively. The as-synthesised precursors were further utilised to prepare Ta₄HfC₅- and TaHfC₂-modified carbon/carbon (C/C-Ta₄HfC₅ and C/C-TaHfC₂) composites through precursor infiltration and pyrolysis. The transformation of Ta₄HfC₅ and TaHfC₂ precursors into ultra-fine ceramic powders and anti-ablation performance of the C/C-Ta₄HfC₅ and C/C-TaHfC₂ composites were investigated. The carbothermal reduction of Ta₂O₅ and Hf₆Ta₂O₁₇ and the solid solution reaction between HfC and TaC occur successively during the pyrolysis of Ta₄HfC₅ precursors. HfC and TaC undergo a sufficient solid solution reaction at 1800 °C to form the Ta₄HfC₅ solid solution with a particle size of 200–300 nm. The pyrolysis products of TaHfC₂ precursors acquired at 1400–1600 °C are composed of TaC, HfC and TaHfC₂. High-temperature pyrolysis promotes the solid solution reaction between TaC and HfC. The TaHfC₂ solid solution with a particle size of 100–150 nm is formed at 1800 °C. The introduction of TaHfC₂ and Ta₄HfC₅ solid solutions into the C/C composite substantially enhances their anti-ablation performance. The linear ablation rates of C/C-Ta₄HfC₅ and C/C-TaHfC₂ are 11.04 and 16.97 μm/s, respectively, which are considerably lower than that of the C/C composite. The good anti-ablation performance of the C/C-Ta₄HfC₅ and C/C-TaHfC₂ composites can be attributed to the formation of the Ta₂O₅ and Hf₆Ta₂O₁₇.

超细Ta ₄ HfC ₅和TaHfC ₂粉末是通过使用简便的一锅反应合成的前体的热解制备的。HfCl ₄、TaCl ₅和酚醛树脂分别用作铪（Hf）、钽（Ta）和碳（C）的来源。合成的前驱体通过前驱体渗透和热解进一步用于制备Ta ₄ HfC ₅ - 和TaHfC _{2 -}改性的碳/碳（C/C-Ta ₄ HfC ₅和C/C-TaHfC ₂）复合材料。Ta ₄ HfC ₅和TaHfC ₂的转化研究了制备超细陶瓷粉末的前驱体以及C/C-Ta ₄ HfC ₅和C/C-TaHfC ₂复合材料的抗烧蚀性能。Ta ₂ O ₅和Hf ₆ Ta ₂ O ₁₇的碳热还原以及HfC和TaC之间的固溶反应在Ta ₄ HfC ₅前驱体的热解过程中相继发生。HfC 和 TaC 在 1800 °C 下发生充分的固溶反应，形成粒径为 200-300 nm的 Ta ₄ HfC ₅固溶体 。TaHfC ₂的热解产物在 1400–1600 °C 下获得的前体由 TaC、HfC 和 TaHfC _{2 组成}。高温热解促进了 TaC 和 HfC 之间的固溶反应。在 1800 °C 形成粒径为 100-150 nm的 TaHfC ₂固溶体 。将TaHfC ₂和Ta ₄ HfC ₅固溶体引入C/C复合材料中，大大提高了它们的抗烧蚀性能。C/C-Ta ₄ HfC ₅和C/C-TaHfC ₂的线性烧蚀速率分别为11.04和16.97 μm/s，远低于C/C复合材料。C/C-Ta ₄ HfC ₅良好的抗烧蚀性能和C/C-TaHfC ₂复合材料可归因于Ta ₂ O ₅和Hf ₆ Ta ₂ O _{17 的形成}。