Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is the primary anthropogenic greenhouse gas with a significant contribution to global warming; this excessive emission needs to be controlled through an effective carbon capture and storage (CCS) approach. Biochar has been considered a cost-effective adsorbent for CO₂ capture; however, pristine biochar suffe from poor textural properties and surface chemistry. Here, developing engineered biochar requires careful tuning of the physicochemical properties of the biochar to obtain a high CO₂ capture capacity. This work presents a review of recent studies on the synthesis of engineered biochar through various modifications for CO₂ adsorption. In this context, the impact of different modification approaches, including physical, chemical, and physicochemical treatments, on the CO₂ uptake properties of the engineered biochar are reviewed. Emphasis is given to the mechanisms through which the CO₂ adsorption capacity of biochar is enhanced after each modification. This survey of literature stresses the importance of maintaining a balance between the textural (specific surface area and micropore volume) and surface chemical attributes (basicity, mineral content, various functional groups, non-polarity and hydrophobicity) to produce engineered biochar with high CO₂ uptake capacity, strong selectivity towards CO₂ over other gases and stable performance upon multiple cycles of CO₂ adsorption-desorption.