Congenital anatomic abnormalities of fallopian tubes and ovaries are rarely reported. Herein, we describe four cases of undescended ovary during laparoscopic surgery with abnormal anatomy of fallopian tube, yet without abnormal uterine development and urinary system abnormalities, which are analyzed by their clinical features and effects on reproductive function. For the patients with undescended ovary, the location of unilateral or bilateral upper poles of the ovaries were usually much higher than that of the bifurcation of the common iliac vessel, and the fallopian tubes at the same side opened in the para-colonic sulcus. Among these four patients, two patients had primary infertility, one patient had tubal pregnancy rupture and bleeding, and one patient had uterine leiomyoma. The development of uterus was normal in all cases, and there was no abnormal development of urinary system. During the infertility examination, the fact that fallopian tubes lifted up in hysterosalpingography (HSG) might be regarded as an indicator of possible undescended ovary. The pelvic ultrasonography examination was of limited use in diagnosing undescended ovary. Laparoscopy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of undescended ovary. When there is periodic post-sacral spinal pain, MRI or HSG can be used for diagnosis of undescended ovary.

中文翻译：

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无子宫及泌尿系统发育异常的卵巢未降四例报告

输卵管和卵巢的先天性解剖异常很少见报道。在此，我们描述了 4 例腹腔镜手术中卵巢未降，输卵管解剖异常，但没有子宫发育异常和泌尿系统异常的病例，分析其临床特征和对生殖功能的影响。卵巢未降的患者，单侧或双侧卵巢上极的位置通常远高于髂总血管分叉处，同侧输卵管开口于结肠旁沟。这4例患者中，原发性不孕2例，输卵管妊娠破裂出血1例，子宫肌瘤1例。所有病例子宫发育正常，泌尿系统未见异常发育。在不孕症检查期间，输卵管在子宫输卵管造影 (HSG) 中抬起的事实可能被视为卵巢可能未降的指标。盆腔超声检查在诊断卵巢未降方面的作用有限。腹腔镜检查是诊断卵巢未降的金标准。当出现周期性骶后脊柱疼痛时，可采用MRI或HSG来诊断卵巢未降。腹腔镜检查是诊断卵巢未降的金标准。当出现周期性骶后脊柱疼痛时，可采用MRI或HSG来诊断卵巢未降。腹腔镜检查是诊断卵巢未降的金标准。当出现周期性骶后脊柱疼痛时，可采用MRI或HSG来诊断卵巢未降。