脯氨酸，植物对非生物胁迫反应的多方面信号分子：了解生理机制,Plant Biology

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脯氨酸，植物对非生物胁迫反应的多方面信号分子：了解生理机制
Plant Biology ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-11-18 , DOI: 10.1111/plb.13363
U K Ghosh ₁ , M N Islam ₂ , M N Siddiqui _{3,

4} , X Cao ₅ , M A R Khan ₁

Affiliation

非生物胁迫对植物生长和生产力产生不利影响，并且是在快速变化的环境中对可持续作物生产的主要威胁。脯氨酸是一种重要的氨基酸，在非生物胁迫条件下对维持植物的新陈代谢和生长具有重要作用。许多见解表明脯氨酸积累与植物对各种非生物胁迫的耐受性之间存在正相关关系。由于其金属螯合剂特性，它可以作为分子伴侣，一种清除活性氧 (ROS) 的抗氧化防御分子，并具有激活特定基因功能的信号行为，这对于植物从压力中恢复至关重要。它还充当渗透保护剂，是获取氮和碳的潜在来源，并在植物的开花和发育中发挥重要作用。植物细胞中脯氨酸的过量产生有助于维持细胞稳态、水分吸收、渗透调节和氧化还原平衡，从而恢复细胞结构并减轻氧化损伤。许多报道表明，转基因植物，特别是那些过度表达脯氨酸积累基因的植物，表现出对非生物胁迫的更好适应。因此，本综述旨在全面更新植物中脯氨酸的生物合成和积累及其在介导植物抵御非生物胁迫中的调节作用。此外，

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Proline, a multifaceted signalling molecule in plant responses to abiotic stress: understanding the physiological mechanisms

Abiotic stresses have a detrimental impact on plant growth and productivity and are a major threat to sustainable crop production in rapidly changing environments. Proline, an important amino acid, plays an important role in maintaining the metabolism and growth of plants under abiotic stress conditions. Many insights indicate a positive relationship between proline accumulation and tolerance of plants to various abiotic stresses. Because of its metal chelator properties, it acts as a molecular chaperone, an antioxidative defence molecule that scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as having signalling behaviour to activate specific gene functions that are crucial for plant recovery from stresses. It also acts as an osmoprotectant, a potential source to acquire nitrogen as well as carbon, and plays a significant role in the flowering and development of plants. Overproduction of proline in plant cells contributes to maintaining cellular homeostasis, water uptake, osmotic adjustment and redox balance to restore the cell structures and mitigate oxidative damage. Many reports reveal that transgenic plants, particularly those overexpressing genes tailored for proline accumulation, exhibit better adaptation to abiotic stresses. Therefore, this review aims to provide a comprehensive update on proline biosynthesis and accumulation in plants and its putative regulatory roles in mediating plant defence against abiotic stresses. Additionally, the current and future directions in research concerning manipulation of proline to induce gene functions that appear promising in genetics and genomics approaches to improve plant adaptive responses under changing climate conditions are also highlighted.

更新日期：2021-11-18

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