Optical metasurfaces are 2D flat elements that consist of spatially arranged meta-atoms. By carefully designing the metasurface, it is possible to fully control the properties of light in amplitude, phase, and/or polarization. When merged with liquid crystals (LCs), a metasurface can act as a reconfigurable optical component enabling dynamical control of light. However, many reports ignore the influence of the meta-atom's geometry on the orientation of LCs. Here, it is proposed to synergistically merge LCs and specially designed gold metasurfaces for multiple optical functions. Gold metasurfaces are designed as a template to align the LC molecules in a resolution of ≤2 µm. Meanwhile, the aligned LCs are used to actively control the polarization of the incident light, further achieving active modulation of the plasmonic resonances of gold metasurfaces. The synergistic mergence of LCs and metasurfaces can enable a designed optical device to work simultaneously in both visible and near infrared ranges, which is highly promising for multiple applications simultaneously, such as high-resolution display, modulation, anti-counterfeiting, beam deflection, LiDAR, etc.

中文翻译：

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用于显示器和调制器应用的超表面启用高分辨率液晶对准

光学超表面是由空间排列的超原子组成的二维平面元素。通过仔细设计超表面，可以完全控制光在振幅、相位和/或偏振方面的特性。当与液晶 (LC) 结合时，超表面可以充当可重构的光学组件，实现对光的动态控制。然而，许多报道忽略了元原子的几何形状对 LC 取向的影响。在这里，建议将 LC 和专门设计的金超表面协同合并以实现多种光学功能。金超表面被设计为模板，以 ≤2 µm 的分辨率对齐 LC 分子。同时，对齐的 LC 用于主动控制入射光的偏振，进一步实现了金超表面等离子体共振的主动调制。液晶和超表面的协同融合可以使设计的光学器件在可见光和近红外范围内同时工作，这对于同时用于多种应用（例如高分辨率显示、调制、防伪、光束偏转、激光雷达）具有很大的前景， 等等。