橄榄耳蜗投射有助于耳蜗核小细胞的卓越强度编码,The Journal of Physiology

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橄榄耳蜗投射有助于耳蜗核小细胞的卓越强度编码
The Journal of Physiology ( IF 4.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-11-11 , DOI: 10.1113/jp282262
Adam Hockley ₁ , Calvin Wu ₁ , Susan E Shore _{1,

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Affiliation

了解通信信号，尤其是在嘈杂的环境中，对于社交互动至关重要。然而，随着年龄的增长，耳蜗损伤和随后的听觉神经纤维退化会破坏声音信号。最脆弱的中阈值和高阈值听觉神经纤维支配耳蜗核中的各种细胞类型，其中小细胞在专门接收这种输入方面是独一无二的。此外，小细胞投射到内侧橄榄耳蜗 (MOC) 神经元，后者又将分支的侧枝送回小细胞帽。在这里，我们使用单单元记录来表征小细胞的发射特性，并在此类细胞中展示出卓越的强度编码。我们在激活/阻止 MOC 系统时表现出相反的效果，证明来自 MOC 系统的直接胆碱能输入促进了小细胞独特的编码特性。在存在背景噪声的情况下，小蜂窝也能保持音调级编码。最后，小细胞比其他腹侧耳蜗核细胞类型更准确地精确编码低频调制，表明准确的包络编码可能对发声处理很重要。这些结果突出了小细胞橄榄耳蜗电路作为噪声环境中信号处理的关键参与者，它可能会在老化或噪声干扰后选择性地退化。演示可能对发声处理很重要的准确包络编码。这些结果突出了小细胞橄榄耳蜗电路作为噪声环境中信号处理的关键参与者，它可能会在老化或噪声干扰后选择性地退化。演示可能对发声处理很重要的准确包络编码。这些结果突出了小细胞橄榄耳蜗电路作为噪声环境中信号处理的关键参与者，它可能会在老化或噪声干扰后选择性地退化。

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Olivocochlear projections contribute to superior intensity coding in cochlear nucleus small cells

Understanding communication signals, especially in noisy environments, is crucial to social interactions. Yet, as we age, acoustic signals can be disrupted by cochlear damage and the subsequent auditory nerve fibre degeneration. The most vulnerable medium- and high-threshold-auditory nerve fibres innervate various cell types in the cochlear nucleus, among which the small cells are unique in receiving this input exclusively. Furthermore, small cells project to medial olivocochlear (MOC) neurons, which in turn send branched collaterals back into the small cell cap. Here, we use single-unit recordings to characterise small cell firing characteristics and demonstrate superior intensity coding in this cell class. We show converse effects when activating/blocking the MOC system, demonstrating that small-cell unique coding properties are facilitated by direct cholinergic input from the MOC system. Small cells also maintain tone-level coding in the presence of background noise. Finally, small cells precisely code low-frequency modulation more accurately than other ventral cochlear nucleus cell types, demonstrating accurate envelope coding that may be important for vocalisation processing. These results highlight the small cell olivocochlear circuit as a key player in signal processing in noisy environments, which may be selectively degraded in ageing or after noise insult.

更新日期：2021-12-31

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