Visceral pleural invasion (VPI) is one of the critical determining factors for pathological stage of lung cancer. The pleural invasion (PL) status can be divided into four categories: PL0, PL1, PL2 and PL3, depending on the spatial relationship between the tumour tissue and outer elastic layer of pleura, visceral pleura surface and parietal pleura, respectively. Elastic stains are recommended if it is difficult to distinguish PL status by H&E staining. As reported, 19 of 100 lung cancer specimens were redefined as PL1 which were formerly deemed as PL0 by HE stain only,1 changing the stage from T1 (stage IA) to T2 (stage IB), which is essential for chemotherapy after surgery.2 Nonetheless, even assisted by elastic stains, VPI assessment is still difficult in some scenarios marked by multiple layers of elastic fibres, inflammatory infiltrates, fibrotic proliferation or carbon deposition which makes the location of scattered tumour cells barely discernible. To solve this technical problem, we developed a double staining method to show the spatial relationship between tumour cells and elastic fibres. Specifically speaking, the elastic fibres and tumour cells are stained and displayed by …

中文翻译：

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弹力纤维双染及免疫组化有助于鉴别肺癌胸膜浸润

脏层胸膜浸润（VPI）是肺癌病理分期的关键决定因素之一。根据肿瘤组织与胸膜外弹性层、脏层胸膜表面和壁层胸膜的空间关系，胸膜浸润（PL）状态可分为四类：PL0、PL1、PL2和PL3。如果 H&E 染色难以区分 PL 状态，建议使用弹性染色剂。据报道，100 份肺癌标本中有 19 份被重新定义为 PL1，以前仅通过 HE 染色将其视为 PL0，1 将分期从 T1（IA 期）变为 T2（IB 期），这对于术后化疗至关重要。 2尽管如此，即使在弹性染色的帮助下，在一些以多层弹性纤维、炎症浸润、纤维化增殖或碳沉积，使得散在的肿瘤细胞的位置几乎看不到。为了解决这个技术问题，我们开发了一种双染色方法来显示肿瘤细胞和弹性纤维之间的空间关系。具体来说，弹性纤维和肿瘤细胞被染色和显示…