Water is one of the basic necessities of life and having clean water is extremely important for human health. In recent years, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD)-based polymers and nanosystems have been extensively studied as adsorbents for the purpose of water purification. They present high efficiency and capability to remove inorganic, organic, and heavy metal impurities from wastewater as compared to conventional methods of water purification. β-CDs are cyclic polysaccharides having specific dimension of hydrophobic cavities and hydrophilic functional groups. The hydrophobic cavities form inclusion complexes through host-guest interactions. The hydroxyl groups form sites of hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction with pollutants. Additionally, they are also the sites of modification to bring about different derivatisation and polymerization reactions in order to impart desirable properties for efficient adsorption material. This article comprises of various derivatives of β-cyclodextrins: their nanoparticulate systems and their characterization and applications to remove different types of impurities from wastewater. The chemical reactions for their synthesis and mechanism of adsorption are highlighted.

中文翻译：

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β-环糊精及其衍生物：在废水处理中的应用。

水是生活的基本必需品之一，拥有干净的水对人类健康极为重要。近年来，基于β-环糊精（β-CD）的聚合物和纳米系统已被广泛研究作为用于水净化目的的吸附剂。与传统的水净化方法相比，它们具有从废水中去除无机、有机和重金属杂质的高效率和能力。β-CDs是具有特定尺寸的疏水空腔和亲水官能团的环状多糖。疏水腔通过主客体相互作用形成包合物。羟基形成氢键和与污染物的静电相互作用的位点。此外，它们也是进行不同衍生和聚合反应的修饰位点，从而赋予高效吸附材料所需的性能。本文包括 β-环糊精的各种衍生物：它们的纳米颗粒系统及其表征和从废水中去除不同类型杂质的应用。重点介绍了它们的合成化学反应和吸附机理。