Ultrafine Pt nanoparticles (NPs) homogeneously anchored on hollow carbon nanoshells (Pt_IL-HCNs) via a wet-chemistry reduction of a new type of imidazolium-[PtCl₆]^2– ionic liquid (IL) are reported. Confined [PtCl₆]^2– in IL molecules effectively prevents the growth and spontaneous aggregation of the Pt NPs due to the electrochemical neutrality of the IL, resulting in a homogeneously dispersed state of Pt NPs. The Pt_IL-HCNs with a Pt loading of 22 wt % outperform the commercial Pt/C (40 wt %) in terms of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity and durability. The half-wave potential of Pt_IL-HCNs is 51 mV more positive than that of the commercial Pt/C in 0.1 M HClO₄. An electrochemical surface area of 97 m² mg^–1 Pt and specific mass activity of 475 mA mg^–1 Pt of Pt_IL-HCNs were found to be 5.6 and 2.7 times higher than those on the commercial Pt/C. Furthermore, this work demonstrates that unlike one-dimensional (1D) carbon nanotubes and two-dimensional (2D) reduced oxide graphene, the three-dimensional (3D) HCN support plays an indispensable role in preventing any stacking of Pt NPs, leading to significantly enhanced ORR activity and durability.

中文翻译：

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离子液体衍生的具有均匀分散状态的超细 Pt 纳米粒子，用于长寿命氧电还原

据报道，通过湿化学还原新型咪唑鎓-[PtCl ₆ ] ^{2 -}离子液体 (IL)，超细 Pt 纳米粒子 (NPs) 均匀锚定在中空碳纳米壳 (Pt _IL -HCNs) 上。由于 IL 的电化学中性，IL 分子中的受限 [PtCl ₆ ] ^2–有效地阻止了 Pt NPs 的生长和自发聚集，从而导致 Pt NPs 的均匀分散状态。在氧还原反应 (ORR) 活性和耐久性方面，Pt 负载量为 22 wt%的 Pt _IL -HCNs 优于商业 Pt/C (40 wt%)。Pt _IL的半波电位-HCNs 比商业 Pt/C 在 0.1 M HClO _{4 中的}正极性高 51 mV 。发现 97 m ² mg ^–1 Pt的电化学表面积和 475 mA mg ^–1 Pt 的 Pt _IL -HCNs 的比质量活度是商业 Pt/C 的 5.6 和 2.7 倍。此外，这项工作表明，与一维 (1D) 碳纳米管和二维 (2D) 还原氧化物石墨烯不同，三维 (3D) HCN 载体在防止任何 Pt NP 堆积方面起着不可或缺的作用，从而显着提高增强的 ORR 活性和耐久性。