了解珊瑚藻对海洋酸化的反应：荟萃分析和综合,Global Change Biology

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了解珊瑚藻对海洋酸化的反应：荟萃分析和综合
Global Change Biology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-10-24 , DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15899
Christopher E Cornwall ₁ , Ben P Harvey ₂ , Steeve Comeau ₃ , Daniel L Cornwall ₁ , Jason M Hall-Spencer _{2,

4} , Viviana Peña ₅ , Shigeki Wada ₂ , Lucia Porzio ₂

Affiliation

海洋酸化 (OA) 是对整个世界海洋生物礁持续存在的主要威胁。珊瑚藻由高镁方解石组成，长期以来一直被认为是最容易受到 OA 负面影响的类群之一。我们通过对所有相关文献的审查/定性评估、荟萃分析、关键反应的定量评估以及对生理机制和未来研究方向的讨论，总结了这些影响并探索了珊瑚藻反应变异的原因。我们发现，在模拟 OA 或自然升高的 CO _{2 的}实验室实验中，大多数珊瑚藻在钙化位点内的丰度、钙化率、补充率和 pH 值下降网站。珊瑚藻对模拟 OA 没有其他一致的生理反应（例如，光生理学、矿物学和生存）。钙化/生长是珊瑚藻 OA 研究中最常测量的参数，我们的荟萃分析显示，海水 pH 值的更大下降与成鱼钙化的显着下降有关，而对于幼鱼则有类似但不显着的趋势。来自叶肉科的成虫也往往对 OA 更健壮，尽管没有足够的数据来测试幼虫的类似趋势。在评估其他本地或全球驱动因素的大多数实验室实验中，OA 是主要驱动因素。尽管改变珊瑚藻表面 pH 值的因素（光、水运动、附生植物）与 OA 的对抗或协同作用比任何其他驱动因素都要多。随着实验设计和方法技术的进步，我们现在了解到珊瑚藻钙化的生理学在很大程度上决定了它们对 OA 的反应。然而，重大挑战仍然存在，包括改善研究工作的地理和生活史传播，以及需要对生理学进行整体评估。

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Understanding coralline algal responses to ocean acidification: Meta-analysis and synthesis

Ocean acidification (OA) is a major threat to the persistence of biogenic reefs throughout the world's ocean. Coralline algae are comprised of high magnesium calcite and have long been considered one of the most susceptible taxa to the negative impacts of OA. We summarize these impacts and explore the causes of variability in coralline algal responses using a review/qualitative assessment of all relevant literature, meta-analysis, quantitative assessment of critical responses, and a discussion of physiological mechanisms and directions for future research. We find that most coralline algae experienced reduced abundance, calcification rates, recruitment rates, and declines in pH within the site of calcification in laboratory experiments simulating OA or at naturally elevated CO₂ sites. There were no other consistent physiological responses of coralline algae to simulated OA (e.g., photo-physiology, mineralogy, and survival). Calcification/growth was the most frequently measured parameters in coralline algal OA research, and our meta-analyses revealed greater declines in seawater pH were associated with significant decreases in calcification in adults and similar but nonsignificant trends for juveniles. Adults from the family Mesophyllumaceae also tended to be more robust to OA, though there was insufficient data to test similar trends for juveniles. OA was the dominant driver in the majority of laboratory experiments where other local or global drivers were assessed. The interaction between OA and any other single driver was often additive, though factors that changed pH at the surface of coralline algae (light, water motion, epiphytes) acted antagonistically or synergistically with OA more than any other drivers. With advances in experimental design and methodological techniques, we now understand that the physiology of coralline algal calcification largely dictates their responses to OA. However, significant challenges still remain, including improving the geographic and life-history spread of research effort and a need for holistic assessments of physiology.

更新日期：2021-12-13

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