细菌膜囊泡形成金黄色葡萄球菌皮肤定植和先天免疫反应的诱导,Experimental Dermatology

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细菌膜囊泡形成金黄色葡萄球菌皮肤定植和先天免疫反应的诱导
Experimental Dermatology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-10-22 , DOI: 10.1111/exd.14478
Lena Staudenmaier _{1,

2} , Jule Focken _{1,

2} , Katja Schlatterer _{2,

3} , Dorothee Kretschmer _{2,

3} , Birgit Schittek _{1,

2}

Affiliation

金黄色葡萄球菌在特应性皮炎 (AD) 患者的皮肤上大量定植，导致皮肤发炎。年代。金黄色葡萄球菌产生的毒力因子将其与皮肤共生细菌如金黄色葡萄球菌区分开来。表皮和S . 路盾然而，目前尚不清楚这些毒力因子中哪些对 AD 的影响最大。膜囊泡 (MV) 由病原菌释放，可能在毒力因子等细菌效应物的长距离传递中发挥重要作用。我们表明，皮肤共生体也会释放 MV，其数量和膜脂量与来自致病菌的相似。年代。金黄色葡萄球菌。有趣的是，来自皮肤共生体的 MV 可以预防S。通过调理人体皮肤以增强防御能力，金黄色葡萄球菌皮肤定植。相比之下，S发布的MV 。金黄色葡萄球菌能够在原代人角质形成细胞中诱导 CXCL8 和 TNF-α，募集中性粒细胞并诱导中性粒细胞胞外陷阱，从而增强金黄色葡萄球菌。金黄色葡萄球菌皮肤定植。CXCL8 诱导是 TLR2 和 NFkB 依赖性的，并且诱导水平与 MV 的膜脂和蛋白 A 含量相关。有趣的是，S的 MV 。金黄色葡萄球菌与来自非病变部位的菌株相比，来自 AD 患者病变皮肤的菌株显示出增强的膜脂质和蛋白 A 含量，并具有增强的促炎潜力。我们的数据强调了S中宿主和细菌衍生因子之间的复杂相互作用。金黄色葡萄球菌皮肤定植和细菌衍生MVs及其膜脂和蛋白A含量在皮肤炎症性疾病中的重要作用。

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Bacterial membrane vesicles shape Staphylococcus aureus skin colonization and induction of innate immune responses

Staphylococcus aureus colonization is abundant on the skin of atopic dermatitis (AD) patients where it contributes to skin inflammation. S. aureus produces virulence factors that distinguish it from commensal skin bacteria such as S. epidermidis and S. lugdunensis. However, it has remained unclear, which of these virulence factors have the strongest impact on AD. Membrane vesicles (MVs) are released by pathogenic bacteria and might play an essential role in the long-distance delivery of bacterial effectors such as virulence factors. We show that MVs are also released by skin commensals in a similar quantity and membrane lipid amount as those from pathogenic S. aureus. Interestingly, MVs from skin commensals can protect against S. aureus skin colonization by conditioning human skin for enhanced defence. In contrast, MVs released by S. aureus are able to induce CXCL8 and TNF-α in primary human keratinocytes, recruit neutrophils and induce neutrophil extracellular traps, which enhance S. aureus skin colonization. CXCL8 induction is TLR2- and NFkB-dependent and the induction level correlates with the membrane lipid and protein A content of the MVs. Interestingly, MVs of S. aureus strains from the lesional skin of AD patients show an enhanced membrane lipid and protein A content compared to the strains from the non-lesional sites and have an enhanced proinflammatory potential. Our data underline the complex interplay in host- and bacterial derived factors in S. aureus skin colonization and the important role of bacterial derived MVs and their membrane lipid and protein A content in skin inflammatory disorders.

更新日期：2021-10-22

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