Hesperetin-7-O-glucoside (Hes-7-G) is a naturally occurring flavonoid monoglucoside in Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium and exhibits relatively high biological activities. To explore the anti-inflammatory capacity of dietary Hes-7-G, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mice were used here as in vitro and in vivo inflammation models. The results showed that Hes-7-G (5 μM) significantly restored cellular metabolic disorders and inflammation in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. In the in vivo study, dietary Hes-7-G (1 mg/kg body weight) markedly alleviated the inflammatory status in DSS-induced colitis mice, manifested by the recovered colon length from 5.91 ± 0.66 to 6.45 ± 0.17 cm, histopathological changes, and mRNA levels of colonic inflammatory factors including Tnf-α and Il-22. Furthermore, dietary Hes-7-G not only profoundly regulated the gut microbiota composition including phyla Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, Desulfobacterota, and Deferribacteres and genus Enterorhabdus, Prevotellaceae, Gastranaerophilales, Enterococcus, Intestinimonas, Ruminococcaceae, and Eubacterium in the cecal contents but also especially adjusted the co-metabolites such as short chain fatty acids and indole metabolites (indole-3-propionic, indole acetic acid), which were markedly altered by DSS treatment in mice. These findings demonstrated that Hes-7-G has strong anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo and potential preventive or therapeutic effects for chronic inflammation diseases.

中文翻译：

---

体外和体内研究表明，天然存在的单糖苷 Hesperetin-7-O-glucoside 具有很强的抗炎能力

Hesperetin-7- O -glucoside (Hes-7-G) 是柑橘类果皮中天然存在的黄酮类单糖苷，具有较高的生物活性。为了探索膳食 Hes-7-G 的抗炎能力，这里使用脂多糖 (LPS) 刺激的 RAW264.7 巨噬细胞和葡聚糖硫酸钠 (DSS) 诱导的结肠炎小鼠作为体外和体内炎症模型。结果表明，Hes-7-G (5 μM) 显着恢复了 LPS 刺激的 RAW264.7 巨噬细胞中的细胞代谢紊乱和炎症。在体内研究表明，膳食 Hes-7-G（1 mg/kg 体重）显着缓解了 DSS 诱导的结肠炎小鼠的炎症状态，表现为结肠长度从 5.91 ± 0.66 恢复到 6.45 ± 0.17 cm、组织病理学变化和 mRNA 水平结肠炎性因子包括Tnf-α和Il-22。此外，膳食的Hes-7-G不仅深刻调节的肠道微生物组合物，包括拟杆菌动物门，蓝藻，Desulfobacterota，和Deferribacteres和属Enterorhabdus，Prevotellaceae，Gastranaerophilales，肠球菌，Intestinimonas，Ruminococcaceae，和真杆菌在盲肠内容物中，还特别调整了短链脂肪酸和吲哚代谢物（吲哚-3-丙酸，吲哚乙酸）等共代谢物，这些在小鼠中被 DSS 处理显着改变。这些发现表明Hes-7-G在体外和体内具有很强的抗炎活性，对慢性炎症疾病具有潜在的预防或治疗作用。