A cyclophosphazene derivative containing multiple cyano groups, denoted as hexa(4-cyanophenoxy)cyclotriphosphazene (CN-CP), was synthesized by a one-step nucleophilic substitution reaction for a phosphorus–nitrogen flame retardant. To meet the strict requirement of safe and environment-protective insulation materials, a series of composites based on low-density polyethylene-poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) containing CN-CP/Mg(OH)₂/Al(OH)₃ organic-inorganic synergistic flame retardants was fabricated. High-energy electron beam irradiation was subsequently applied to obtain a halogen-free flame-retardant crosslinked system. The relationship between crosslinking degree and irradiation dose was studied, and crosslinking degrees ranging within 63%–85% were obtained under 100–190 kGy. Furthermore, the effects of CN-CP filler and irradiation dose on the properties of the composites were carefully investigated. The maximum tensile stress and limiting oxygen index values of most composites irradiated by EB were more than 15 MPa and 28%. Results revealed that the obtained materials had excellent thermal and mechanical, flame-retardant, and insulation properties, thereby suggesting their promising prospects for wire and cable applications.

中文翻译：

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用于电子束辐照阻燃材料的含多个氰基的环磷腈衍生物的合成

通过对磷氮阻燃剂的一步亲核取代反应合成了一种含有多个氰基的环磷腈衍生物，表示为六（4-氰基苯氧基）环三磷腈（CN-CP）。为满足安全环保绝缘材料的严格要求，以含CN-CP/Mg(OH) ₂ /Al(OH) ₃的低密度聚乙烯-聚(乙烯-共-醋酸乙烯酯)为基础的一系列复合材料制备了有机-无机协同阻燃剂。随后应用高能电子束辐照以获得无卤阻燃交联体系。研究了交联度与辐照剂量的关系，在100-190 kGy下获得了63%-85%的交联度。此外，还仔细研究了 CN-CP 填料和辐照剂量对复合材料性能的影响。EB 辐照的大多数复合材料的最大拉伸应力和极限氧指数值均大于 15 MPa 和 28%。结果表明，所获得的材料具有优异的热力学和机械性能、阻燃和绝缘性能，从而表明其在电线电缆应用中的前景广阔。