成人分离焦虑：被忽视临床综合征的人格特征。,Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science

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成人分离焦虑：被忽视临床综合征的人格特征。
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-01 , DOI: 10.1037/abn0000682
Megan C Finsaas ₁ , Daniel N Klein ₂

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在过去的二十年里，人们对人格与精神病理学之间关系的兴趣重新抬头。然而，成人分离焦虑症（ASA）的临床问题在很大程度上被排除在这项工作之外，因为旧版 DSM 中的发病年龄标准禁止在成年期首次发病。这项研究在 565 名女性的社区样本中测试了 ASA 症状与高阶和低阶人格特征之间的关系。它通过利用线人报告、两个人格清单和三年内两个时间点的数据以及调整情绪状态来解释系统误差。它还测试纵向 ASA 人格模型。结果表明，ASA 与消极情绪及其压力反应方面以及攻击性、疏离感、和吸收程度稍低一些。这些关系不是由于与其他特征重叠（异化除外）或情绪状态偏差，而是由线人证实。此外，负面气质预测三年后 ASA 水平会更高，根据基线 ASA 进行调整。在多特质模型中，无论是积极情绪或气质，还是积极情绪的低阶量表，都与 ASA 没有唯一相关，而 ASA 与去抑制和约束之间的关系不一致。这些发现为未来研究测试这些人格特征与 ASA 之间的机制和因果关系奠定了基础，并可能帮助临床医生预测与 ASA 相关的特征，以便根据患者的个性定制治疗。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA，

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Adult separation anxiety: Personality characteristics of a neglected clinical syndrome.

Over the past two decades, interest in the relationship between personality and psychopathology has resurged. However, the clinical problem of adult separation anxiety (ASA) has been largely excluded from this endeavor due to the age-of-onset criterion in older editions of the DSM that prohibited first-onset diagnoses in adulthood. This study tests relationships between ASA symptoms and higher- and lower-order personality traits in a community sample of 565 women. It accounts for systematic error by utilizing informant report, two personality inventories, and data from two time points over three years, and by adjusting for mood state. It also tests longitudinal ASA-personality models. Results indicate that ASA is robustly associated with negative emotionality and its facet of stress reaction, as well as with aggression, alienation, and absorption to somewhat lesser degrees. These relationships are not due to overlap with other traits (except in the case of alienation), or mood-state biases, and they are verified by informants. Moreover, negative temperament predicts greater levels of ASA three years later, adjusting for baseline ASA. Neither positive emotionality or temperament, nor positive emotionality's lower-order scales, were uniquely related to ASA in multitrait models, whereas relationships between ASA and disinhibition and constraint were inconsistent. These findings lay the groundwork for future research testing the mechanisms and causal links between these personality traits and ASA and may help clinicians anticipate traits that are associated with ASA in order to tailor treatments to patients' personalities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

更新日期：2021-08-01

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