Biofilm-Developed Microplastics As Vectors of Pollutants in Aquatic Environments,Environmental Science & Technology

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Biofilm-Developed Microplastics As Vectors of Pollutants in Aquatic Environments
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-23 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04466
Jianlong Wang _{1,

2} , Xuan Guo ₁ , Jianming Xue _{3,

4}

Affiliation

Microplastics are a big and growing part of global pollution, which has aroused increasing concern in recent years because of their large amount, wide distribution, and adverse effects. Microplastics can sorb various pollutants from aquatic environments and act as vectors of pollutants. Most studies mainly focused on the virgin microplastics. However, microplastics in environments can be easily colonized by microorganisms, and form biofilm, which will influence the behaviors and potential risks of microplastics. The formation of biofilm on microplastics and its effects on their properties have been studied before, but their sorption and transport behaviors, and potential risks for pollutants’ transfer have not been reviewed. In this paper, the role of biofilm-developed microplastics as vectors of pollutants was thoroughly analyzed and summarized. First, the formation of biofilm on microplastics, the compositions of microorganisms in biofilm, the influencing factors, and the property changes of microplastics after biofilm attachment are thoroughly reviewed. Second, the sorption of pollutants onto biofilm-developed microplastics is discussed. Third, the role of biofilm-developed microplastics as vector of pollutants are analyzed. We concluded that microplastics could provide unique substrates for microorganisms. Biofilm-developed microplastics can sorb more pollutants than the virgin ones, then act as vectors to introduce pollutants and attached microorganisms to aquatic environments and to organisms.

中文翻译：

生物膜开发的微塑料作为水生环境中污染物的载体

微塑料是全球污染的一个重要组成部分，而且越来越多，近年来由于其数量大、分布广、影响大而引起了越来越多的关注。微塑料可以吸附水环境中的各种污染物，并充当污染物的载体。大多数研究主要集中在原始微塑料上。然而，环境中的微塑料很容易被微生物定殖，形成生物膜，这将影响微塑料的行为和潜在风险。以前已经研究过微塑料上生物膜的形成及其对其性能的影响，但尚未对其吸附和传输行为以及污染物转移的潜在风险进行审查。在本文中，对生物膜开发的微塑料作为污染物载体的作用进行了深入分析和总结。首先，对微塑料上生物膜的形成、生物膜中微生物的组成、影响因素以及生物膜附着后微塑料的性质变化进行了全面综述。其次，讨论了污染物在生物膜形成的微塑料上的吸附。第三，分析了生物膜形成的微塑料作为污染物载体的作用。我们得出结论，微塑料可以为微生物提供独特的基质。生物膜开发的微塑料可以比原始微塑料吸附更多的污染物，然后作为载体将污染物和附着的微生物引入水环境和生物体。并对生物膜附着后微塑料的性能变化进行了深入研究。其次，讨论了污染物在生物膜形成的微塑料上的吸附。第三，分析了生物膜形成的微塑料作为污染物载体的作用。我们得出结论，微塑料可以为微生物提供独特的基质。生物膜开发的微塑料可以比原始微塑料吸附更多的污染物，然后作为载体将污染物和附着的微生物引入水环境和生物体。并对生物膜附着后微塑料的性能变化进行了深入研究。其次，讨论了污染物在生物膜形成的微塑料上的吸附。第三，分析了生物膜形成的微塑料作为污染物载体的作用。我们得出结论，微塑料可以为微生物提供独特的基质。生物膜开发的微塑料可以比原始微塑料吸附更多的污染物，然后作为载体将污染物和附着的微生物引入水环境和生物体。

更新日期：2021-10-06

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