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Rainfall retention and runoff generation processes in tropical mature green roof ecosystems
Hydrological Processes ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-18 , DOI: 10.1002/hyp.14382 Eréndira Alejandra Arellano‐Leyva 1 , Melissa López Portillo‐Purata 2 , Lyssette Elena Muñoz‐Villers 3 , Blanca Lucía Prado‐Pano 4
Hydrological Processes ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-18 , DOI: 10.1002/hyp.14382 Eréndira Alejandra Arellano‐Leyva 1 , Melissa López Portillo‐Purata 2 , Lyssette Elena Muñoz‐Villers 3 , Blanca Lucía Prado‐Pano 4
Affiliation
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Rainfall retention and runoff detention are likely the most important ecosystem services provided by extensive green roofs (EGRs) that contribute to urban stormwater mitigation and management. However, the hydrological performance and runoff generation mechanisms of mature, well-established EGRs in tropical regions remain poorly understood. This study evaluated the rainfall retention, discharge detention times and processes of runoff generation in two neighbouring 20-year-old EGRs with different slopes (2° and 14° for EGRns and EGRws, respectively) and management practices in Mexico City; results were compared with those obtained in a conventional roof (CR, 2° slope). Precipitation, substrate moisture and storm runoff were continuously measured during the 2017 and 2018 rainy seasons (May–November). Results showed spatial differences in substrate properties and moisture within and between green roofs. In general, higher bulk densities and a wide range of variation in water content characterized the bare substrate areas compared to those below vegetation. Greatest increases in substrate moisture and storm runoff were observed in the steeper green roof. Subsurface flow was the dominant process controlling the amount and timing of stormflow in the EGRs. The occurrence of saturation excess overland flow was small and detected when large rain events were preceded by high wetness conditions. The main factors influencing the hydrological responses of the green roofs were their substrate hydrophysical properties, related mostly to vegetation cover, management and age, and to much lesser extent to slope and substrate depth. On average, rainfall retention was ~60% in the EGRs with significantly longer delays and prolonged runoff times (100 and 340 min, respectively) compared to CR (3%, 20 min, and 258 min, respectively). Overall, these findings highlight the potential of EGRs in reducing stormflow and peak discharges for most rainfall in Mexico City, and thus mitigating the risk of saturation and overflow of urban drainages.
中文翻译：
热带成熟屋顶绿化生态系统的降雨滞留和径流生成过程
降雨滞留和径流滞留可能是大面积绿色屋顶 (EGR) 提供的最重要的生态系统服务，有助于城市雨水的缓解和管理。然而，热带地区成熟、完善的 EGR 的水文性能和径流生成机制仍然知之甚少。本研究评估了墨西哥城两个相邻的具有不同坡度（EGRns 和 EGRws 分别为 2°和 14°）的 20 年历史 EGR 的降雨滞留、排放滞留时间和径流产生过程；结果与在传统屋顶（CR，2°斜率）中获得的结果进行了比较。在 2017 年和 2018 年雨季（5 月至 11 月）期间，连续测量了降水、基质水分和风暴径流。结果表明，绿色屋顶内部和之间的基质特性和湿度存在空间差异。一般来说，与植被以下的那些相比，裸露的基质区域具有更高的体积密度和广泛的含水量变化特征。在陡峭的绿色屋顶中观察到基质水分和风暴径流的最大增加。地下流是控制 EGR 中风暴流数量和时间的主要过程。当大雨事件发生在高湿度条件之前，饱和过量地表流量的发生很小并且被检测到。影响屋顶绿化水文响应的主要因素是它们的基质水物理特性，主要与植被覆盖、管理和年龄有关，与坡度和基质深度的程度要小得多。一般，与 CR（分别为 3%、20 分钟和 258 分钟）相比，EGR 中的降雨保持率约为 60%，延迟和径流时间明显延长（分别为 100 和 340 分钟）。总体而言，这些发现强调了 EGR 在减少墨西哥城大部分降雨的风暴流量和峰值排放方面的潜力，从而减轻城市排水系统饱和和溢出的风险。
更新日期：2021-11-17
中文翻译：
热带成熟屋顶绿化生态系统的降雨滞留和径流生成过程
降雨滞留和径流滞留可能是大面积绿色屋顶 (EGR) 提供的最重要的生态系统服务，有助于城市雨水的缓解和管理。然而，热带地区成熟、完善的 EGR 的水文性能和径流生成机制仍然知之甚少。本研究评估了墨西哥城两个相邻的具有不同坡度（EGRns 和 EGRws 分别为 2°和 14°）的 20 年历史 EGR 的降雨滞留、排放滞留时间和径流产生过程；结果与在传统屋顶（CR，2°斜率）中获得的结果进行了比较。在 2017 年和 2018 年雨季（5 月至 11 月）期间，连续测量了降水、基质水分和风暴径流。结果表明，绿色屋顶内部和之间的基质特性和湿度存在空间差异。一般来说，与植被以下的那些相比，裸露的基质区域具有更高的体积密度和广泛的含水量变化特征。在陡峭的绿色屋顶中观察到基质水分和风暴径流的最大增加。地下流是控制 EGR 中风暴流数量和时间的主要过程。当大雨事件发生在高湿度条件之前，饱和过量地表流量的发生很小并且被检测到。影响屋顶绿化水文响应的主要因素是它们的基质水物理特性，主要与植被覆盖、管理和年龄有关，与坡度和基质深度的程度要小得多。一般，与 CR（分别为 3%、20 分钟和 258 分钟）相比，EGR 中的降雨保持率约为 60%，延迟和径流时间明显延长（分别为 100 和 340 分钟）。总体而言，这些发现强调了 EGR 在减少墨西哥城大部分降雨的风暴流量和峰值排放方面的潜力，从而减轻城市排水系统饱和和溢出的风险。
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