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Mechanical Properties and Thermal Stability of the High-Thermoelectric-Performance Cu2Se Compound
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-14 , DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12533 Jian Zhang 1 , Cheng Zhang 1 , Ting Zhu 1 , Yonggao Yan 1 , Xianli Su 1 , Xinfeng Tang 1
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-14 , DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12533 Jian Zhang 1 , Cheng Zhang 1 , Ting Zhu 1 , Yonggao Yan 1 , Xianli Su 1 , Xinfeng Tang 1
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The Cu2Se compound possesses extraordinary thermoelectric performance at high temperatures and shows great potential for the application of waste heat recycling. However, a thermoelectric device usually undergoes mechanical vibration, mechanical and/or thermal cycling, and thermal shock in service. Therefore, mechanical properties are of equal importance as thermoelectric performance. However, the mechanical performance and stability of the Cu2Se compound during long-term service at high temperatures have rarely been reported. In this study, we systematically investigated the mechanical properties of Cu2Se compounds synthesized by three varied methods (melting (M), self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS), and a combination of SHS and ultrasonic treatment (UT)) and investigated the thermal stability of the SHS-UT compound under different annealing temperatures. The SHS-UT process effectively refines the grain size from 19 μm for the melting sample to 5 μm for the SHS-UT sample. The high density of grain boundaries in the SHS-UT sample effectively dissipates the energy of crack propagation; thus, the mechanical properties are greatly improved. The compressive strength, bending strength, and Vickers hardness of the SHS-UT sample are 147 MPa, 52.6 MPa, and 0.46 GPa, respectively, which are 21.5, 16.6, and 35.3% higher than those of the melting sample, respectively. Moreover, excellent thermal stability is achieved in the compound prepared by SHS and ultrasonication at a temperature below 873 K. After annealing at temperatures up to 873 K for 7 days, the excellent thermoelectric performance of the Cu2Se compound is well maintained with a ZT value exceeding 1.80 at 873 K. However, with further increasing the annealing temperature to 973 K, the volatilization of Se and the precipitation of Cu result in the instability and significantly deteriorated thermoelectric performance of the material. This work provides an avenue for boosting the mechanical properties and commercial application of Cu2Se.
中文翻译：
高性能Cu2Se化合物的机械性能和热稳定性
Cu 2 Se 化合物在高温下具有非凡的热电性能，在余热回收利用方面显示出巨大的应用潜力。然而，热电装置在使用中通常会经历机械振动、机械和/或热循环以及热冲击。因此，机械性能与热电性能同等重要。然而，Cu 2 Se 化合物在高温长期使用过程中的机械性能和稳定性鲜有报道。在本研究中，我们系统地研究了 Cu 2通过三种不同的方法（熔融 (M)、自蔓延高温合成 (SHS) 以及 SHS 和超声处理 (UT) 的组合）合成的 Se 化合物，并研究了 SHS-UT 化合物在不同退火条件下的热稳定性温度。SHS-UT 工艺有效地将晶粒尺寸从熔化样品的 19 μm 细化到 SHS-UT 样品的 5 μm。SHS-UT样品中高密度的晶界有效地耗散了裂纹扩展的能量；从而大大提高了机械性能。SHS-UT样品的抗压强度、弯曲强度和维氏硬度分别为147 MPa、52.6 MPa和0.46 GPa，分别比熔融样品高21.5、16.6和35.3%。而且，2 Se 化合物在 873 K 时保持良好，ZT值超过 1.80。但是，随着退火温度进一步提高到 973 K，Se 的挥发和 Cu 的沉淀导致材料的不稳定和显着恶化的热电性能。这项工作为提高 Cu 2 Se的机械性能和商业应用提供了途径。
更新日期：2021-09-29
中文翻译：
高性能Cu2Se化合物的机械性能和热稳定性
Cu 2 Se 化合物在高温下具有非凡的热电性能，在余热回收利用方面显示出巨大的应用潜力。然而，热电装置在使用中通常会经历机械振动、机械和/或热循环以及热冲击。因此，机械性能与热电性能同等重要。然而，Cu 2 Se 化合物在高温长期使用过程中的机械性能和稳定性鲜有报道。在本研究中，我们系统地研究了 Cu 2通过三种不同的方法（熔融 (M)、自蔓延高温合成 (SHS) 以及 SHS 和超声处理 (UT) 的组合）合成的 Se 化合物，并研究了 SHS-UT 化合物在不同退火条件下的热稳定性温度。SHS-UT 工艺有效地将晶粒尺寸从熔化样品的 19 μm 细化到 SHS-UT 样品的 5 μm。SHS-UT样品中高密度的晶界有效地耗散了裂纹扩展的能量；从而大大提高了机械性能。SHS-UT样品的抗压强度、弯曲强度和维氏硬度分别为147 MPa、52.6 MPa和0.46 GPa，分别比熔融样品高21.5、16.6和35.3%。而且，2 Se 化合物在 873 K 时保持良好，ZT值超过 1.80。但是，随着退火温度进一步提高到 973 K，Se 的挥发和 Cu 的沉淀导致材料的不稳定和显着恶化的热电性能。这项工作为提高 Cu 2 Se的机械性能和商业应用提供了途径。
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