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Ultrafast, cost-effective and scaled-up recycling of aramid products into aramid nanofibers: mechanism, upcycling, closed-loop recycling
Green Chemistry ( IF 9.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-09 , DOI: 10.1039/d1gc01805a Hui-Jun Chen 1 , Qi-Yao Bai 1 , Mei-Chen Liu 1 , Gang Wu 1 , Yu-Zhong Wang 1
Green Chemistry ( IF 9.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-09 , DOI: 10.1039/d1gc01805a Hui-Jun Chen 1 , Qi-Yao Bai 1 , Mei-Chen Liu 1 , Gang Wu 1 , Yu-Zhong Wang 1
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Aramid fiber products have been widely used in both civil and military fields. However, the improper disposal of waste aramid fiber products could result in potential environmental problems and waste of valuable resources. In comparison with mechanical recycling, recycling of aramid fibers into aramid nanofibers (ANFs) as a novel 1D building block for functional materials has better development prospects and has got greater attention. However, the time-consuming preparation cycle of the existing approaches is not conducive to rapid and large-scale production or an in situ study of the mechanism. Herein, based on the in situ size control of solid KOH, a proton donor-assisted deprotonation system for both Kevlar fibers and their various products, i.e. KOH(aq)/DMSO system, was developed to prepare ANFs with a well-defined and uniform structure. Through this novel deprotonation system, not only is the preparation time of 0.2 wt% ANFs greatly shortened to 26 min (a tenth of the time of the state-of-the-art technology) but also the production of ANFs with high concentration (4.0 wt%) and in large amounts (1500 mL) can be realized within several hours. Importantly, the deprotonation process of Kevlar fibers as well as the formation mechanism and structural restoration of ANFs were studied by in situ characterization methods. In addition, the controlled preparation of ANF aerogels with diverse microstructures was realized by the structural restoration of ANFs under different protic solvents and subsequent lyophilization, and the physical properties of ANF aerogels were investigated. Significantly, the various Kevlar products and ANF aerogels both can be rapidly and highly efficiently dissociated to ANFs, undoubtedly demonstrating the proof-of-concept for recycling of waste aramid products and closed-loop recycling of ANF-based materials. Therefore, this work not only offers a better understanding of the mechanism of both the deprotonation of aramid fibers and the restoration of ANFs, but also provides a highly feasible, highly efficient and cost-effective recycling strategy of waste aramid products and ANF-based materials.
中文翻译：
将芳纶产品超快、经济且规模化地回收成芳纶纳米纤维：机制、升级回收、闭环回收
芳纶纤维产品已广泛应用于民用和军用领域。然而，对废弃芳纶纤维产品的不当处理可能导致潜在的环境问题和宝贵资源的浪费。与机械回收相比，将芳纶纤维回收成芳纶纳米纤维（ANFs）作为功能材料的新型一维构建块具有更好的发展前景并受到更多关注。然而，现有方法耗时的制备周期不利于快速和大规模生产或机理的原位研究。在此，基于固体 KOH 的原位尺寸控制，一种用于 Kevlar 纤维及其各种产品的质子供体辅助去质子化系统，即KOH(aq)/DMSO 系统被开发用于制备具有明确定义和均匀结构的 ANF。通过这种新型去质子化系统，不仅将 0.2 wt% ANFs 的制备时间大大缩短至 26 分钟（最先进技术时间的十分之一），而且还可以生产高浓度（4.0 wt%) 和大量 (1500 mL) 可以在几个小时内实现。重要的是，通过原位研究了 Kevlar 纤维的去质子化过程以及 ANFs 的形成机制和结构恢复。表征方法。此外，通过ANFs在不同质子溶剂下的结构修复和随后的冻干，实现了具有多种微结构的ANF气凝胶的可控制备，并研究了ANF气凝胶的物理性质。值得注意的是，各种 Kevlar 产品和 ANF 气凝胶都可以快速高效地解离为 ANF，这无疑证明了芳纶产品回收和 ANF 基材料闭环回收的概念验证。因此，这项工作不仅可以更好地理解芳纶纤维的去质子化和ANFs的恢复机制，而且为废弃芳纶产品和ANF基材料提供了一种高度可行、高效和具有成本效益的回收策略。 .
更新日期：2021-09-08
中文翻译：
将芳纶产品超快、经济且规模化地回收成芳纶纳米纤维：机制、升级回收、闭环回收
芳纶纤维产品已广泛应用于民用和军用领域。然而，对废弃芳纶纤维产品的不当处理可能导致潜在的环境问题和宝贵资源的浪费。与机械回收相比，将芳纶纤维回收成芳纶纳米纤维（ANFs）作为功能材料的新型一维构建块具有更好的发展前景并受到更多关注。然而，现有方法耗时的制备周期不利于快速和大规模生产或机理的原位研究。在此，基于固体 KOH 的原位尺寸控制，一种用于 Kevlar 纤维及其各种产品的质子供体辅助去质子化系统，即KOH(aq)/DMSO 系统被开发用于制备具有明确定义和均匀结构的 ANF。通过这种新型去质子化系统，不仅将 0.2 wt% ANFs 的制备时间大大缩短至 26 分钟（最先进技术时间的十分之一），而且还可以生产高浓度（4.0 wt%) 和大量 (1500 mL) 可以在几个小时内实现。重要的是，通过原位研究了 Kevlar 纤维的去质子化过程以及 ANFs 的形成机制和结构恢复。表征方法。此外，通过ANFs在不同质子溶剂下的结构修复和随后的冻干，实现了具有多种微结构的ANF气凝胶的可控制备，并研究了ANF气凝胶的物理性质。值得注意的是，各种 Kevlar 产品和 ANF 气凝胶都可以快速高效地解离为 ANF，这无疑证明了芳纶产品回收和 ANF 基材料闭环回收的概念验证。因此，这项工作不仅可以更好地理解芳纶纤维的去质子化和ANFs的恢复机制，而且为废弃芳纶产品和ANF基材料提供了一种高度可行、高效和具有成本效益的回收策略。 .
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