For decades, there was not much growth in the U.S. Supreme Court’s interpretation and application of the Eighth Amendment’s prohibition on cruel and unusual punishments. In recent years, though, the Court has expanded the Amendment’s scope to prohibit executing intellectually disabled and juvenile offenders, to ban capital punishment for all non-homicide offenses against individuals, and to for-bid life-without-parole sentences for juveniles when that punishment was mandatorily imposed or imposed on non-homicide offenders. With changing politics and a changing Court, any further expansion of Eighth Amendment protections will likely be difficult for years to come. With the recent confirmation of Amy Coney Barrett as the newest Supreme Court Justice, the Court has become even more conservative. Politics certainly influences law, even at the Supreme Court level, so future changes in politics even outside the Court could affect Eighth Amendment interpretations. When making Eighth Amendment arguments to the Court, then, framing is important.

中文翻译：

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为政治和宪法制定个性化量刑

几十年来，美国最高法院对第八修正案禁止残忍和不寻常的惩罚的解释和应用并没有太大的增长。不过，近年来，法院扩大了修正案的范围，禁止处决智障和少年犯，禁止对所有针对个人的非杀人罪判处死刑，并禁止对少年犯终身监禁、不得假释的情况。对非杀人犯强制或施加惩罚。随着政治的变化和法院的变化，未来几年可能很难进一步扩大第八修正案的保护范围。随着最近确认艾米·康尼·巴雷特 (Amy Coney Barrett) 为最新的最高法院大法官，最高法院变得更加保守。政治肯定会影响法律，即使在最高法院级别，因此未来即使在法院之外的政治变化也可能影响对第八修正案的解释。在向法院提出第八修正案的论点时，框架很重要。