During tar reforming process, the coke deposition limits the catalyst activity. The encapsulating coke has been confirmed to be responsible for catalyst deactivation in steam reforming of oxygenates tar, while the role of filamentous coke in catalyst deactivation in dry reforming of non-oxygenates tar remains unclear. In this work, the conventional impregnation method and one-pot hydrothermal carbonization method were used to synthesize Ni/bio-char. The catalyst activity and coke deposition on catalysts in dry reforming of toluene were explored. The characteristics of fresh catalysts revealed that the high pressure and temperature in one-pot synthesis method improved the nickel content (6.72–55.20 %), promoting the catalyst activity in tar conversion. However, due to the coke accumulation on Ni/bio-char, the hydrogen conversion declined with the reaction proceeding. The characterizations of spent catalysts indicated that the dominant coke deposition on Ni/bio-char was filamentous coke in dry reforming of tar, which accounted for 7.35–36.16 %. The filamentous coke produced by the Boudouard reaction consumed the CO in gaseous products, which reduced the syngas quality. Overall, large amounts of filamentous coke deposition can result in the deactivation of Ni/bio-char in dry reforming of non-oxygenates tar.

在焦油重整过程中，焦炭沉积限制了催化剂的活性。已证实包封焦炭是含氧焦油蒸汽重整催化剂失活的原因，而丝状焦在非含氧焦油干重整催化剂失活中的作用尚不清楚。在这项工作中，采用常规浸渍法和一锅水热碳化法合成镍/生物炭。探讨了甲苯干法重整催化剂的活性和催化剂上的积炭沉积。新鲜催化剂的特性表明，一锅合成法中的高压和高温提高了镍含量（6.72-55.20%），促进了焦油转化中的催化剂活性。然而，由于镍/生物炭上的焦炭积累，随着反应的进行，氢气转化率下降。废催化剂的表征表明，在焦油干重整过程中，Ni/生物炭上的主要焦炭沉积是丝状焦，占 7.35-36.16%。Boudouard反应产生的丝状焦消耗了气态产物中的CO，降低了合成气质量。总的来说，大量丝状焦沉积会导致镍/生物炭在非含氧焦油干重整过程中失活。