由电毛细管现象引起的液态金属液滴运动的新流体动力学解释,Soft Matter

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由电毛细管现象引起的液态金属液滴运动的新流体动力学解释
Soft Matter ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-31 , DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00873k
Jiao Ye ₁ , Si-Cong Tan , Lei Wang , Jing Liu

Affiliation

Marangoni 效应是由温度梯度、浓度梯度或沿表面的电势梯度引起的表面张力梯度引起的，通常用于操纵液滴。这也是液态金属在电场作用下运动、呼吸、大范围变形等独特行为的原因，引起了学术界的极大兴趣。然而，液态金属液滴通常被视为固体弹珠，忽略了它们的流体特性，很难解释一些不寻常的现象，例如在固定电场下的液滴在不同的溶液中向相反方向移动。为了更好地澄清这些差异，这项研究表明液态金属的运动是由溶液的粘性力而不是界面张力直接驱动的。这种机制是通过分析液态金属表面的流动特性来确定的。此外，还进行了液态金属在溶液中自由下落的实验、不同粗糙度基底上的液态金属液滴运动实验以及高电流密度下的液态金属液滴运动实验，以验证理论解释。这项研究有助于更好地了解液态金属在电场下的运动，并为液态金属液滴在泵送、流体混合和许多其他微流体领域的应用奠定了基础。此外，还进行了不同粗糙度衬底上的液态金属液滴运动实验和高电流密度下的液态金属液滴运动实验，以验证理论解释。这项研究有助于更好地了解液态金属在电场下的运动，并为液态金属液滴在泵送、流体混合和许多其他微流体领域的应用奠定了基础。此外，还进行了不同粗糙度衬底上的液态金属液滴运动实验和高电流密度下的液态金属液滴运动实验，以验证理论解释。这项研究有助于更好地了解液态金属在电场下的运动，并为液态金属液滴在泵送、流体混合和许多其他微流体领域的应用奠定了基础。

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A new hydrodynamic interpretation of liquid metal droplet motion induced by an electrocapillary phenomenon

The Marangoni effect, induced by the surface tension gradient resulting from the gradient of temperature, concentration, or electric potential gradient along a surface, is commonly utilized to manipulate a droplet. It is also the reason for unique behaviors of liquid metal such as moving, breathing, and large-scale deformation under an electric field, which have aroused tremendous interest in academics. However, liquid metal droplets are usually treated as solid marbles, which neglect their fluidic features and can hardly explain some unusual phenomena, such as a droplet under a stationary electric field that moves in the opposite direction in different solutions. To better clarify these discrepancies, this study reveals that the movement of liquid metal is directly driven by viscous forces of solution rather than interfacial tension. This mechanism was determined by analyzing flow characteristics on a liquid metal surface. Additionally, experiments with liquid metal free falling in solution, liquid metal droplet movement experiments on substrates with different roughness, and liquid metal droplet movement experiments under high current density were additionally conducted to verify the theoretical interpretation. This research is instrumental for a greater understanding of the movement of liquid metal under an electric field and lays the foundation for the applications of liquid metal droplets in pumping, fluid mixing, and many other microfluidic fields.

更新日期：2021-08-16

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