生长素及其在植物发育中的作用：结构、信号、调控和响应机制,Plant Biology

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生长素及其在植物发育中的作用：结构、信号、调控和响应机制
Plant Biology ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-15 , DOI: 10.1111/plb.13303
G L B Gomes _{1,

2} , K C Scortecci _{1,

2}

Affiliation

生长素是植物激素，在控制不同环境条件下的植物生长和发育方面起着核心作用。即使在低浓度下，生长素也可以通过特定的转录因子和蛋白质调节基因表达，这些转录因子和蛋白质在信号级联反应中受环境反应的调节。生长素在具有高细胞分裂活性的组织中合成，并由调节流出和流入的特定跨膜蛋白分布。本综述介绍了在理解依赖和不依赖色氨酸的生物合成途径方面的最新进展，重点介绍了中间体吲哚化合物（吲哚-3-乙酰胺、吲哚-3-乙醛肟、吲哚-3-丙酮酸和色胺）和关键酶生长素生物合成，如 YUCs 和 TAAs。关于信号级联，已经表明，生长素通过合成和分布之间的联系影响基因表达调控。此外，生长素反应因子和生长素/吲哚-3-乙酸转录因子与 F-box TIR1/AFB 生长素受体的分子作用调节基因表达。此外，还证明了 microRNA 在生长素信号通路中的重要性及其对植物可塑性对环境波动的影响。最后，这篇综述描述了植物中涉及生长素的化学和生物过程。还证明了 microRNA 在生长素信号通路中的重要性及其对植物可塑性对环境波动的影响。最后，这篇综述描述了植物中涉及生长素的化学和生物过程。还证明了 microRNA 在生长素信号通路中的重要性及其对植物可塑性对环境波动的影响。最后，这篇综述描述了植物中涉及生长素的化学和生物过程。

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Auxin and its role in plant development: structure, signalling, regulation and response mechanisms

Auxins are plant hormones that play a central role in controlling plant growth and development across different environmental conditions. Even at low concentrations, auxins can regulate gene expression through specific transcription factors and proteins that are modulated to environmental responses in the signalling cascade. Auxins are synthesized in tissues with high cell division activity and distributed by specific transmembrane proteins that regulate efflux and influx. This review presents recent advances in understanding the biosynthetic pathways, both dependent and independent of tryptophan, highlighting the intermediate indole compounds (indole-3-acetamide, indole-3-acetaldoxime, indole-3-pyruvic acid and tryptamine) and the key enzymes for auxin biosynthesis, such as YUCs and TAAs. In relation to the signalling cascade, it has been shown that auxins influence gene expression regulation by the connection between synthesis and distribution. Moreover, the molecular action of the auxin response factors and auxin/indole-3-acetic acid transcription factors with the F-box TIR1/AFB auxin receptors regulates gene expression. In addition, the importance of microRNAs in the auxin signalling pathway and their influence on plant plasticity to environmental fluctuations is also demonstrated. Finally, this review describes the chemical and biological processes involving auxins in plants.

更新日期：2021-08-15

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