When an electrode (negative/positive) with excellent capacity matches a counter electrode with relatively low capacity or a pair of excellent electrodes cannot match each other, overall performance of the constructed supercapacitors (SCs) will be limited. Here, we report a novel electrode material 1,5-diamino-4,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone (DHAQ) grafted nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel (DHAQ-NGA) prepared by simple hydrothermal method. Since DHAQ molecule contains –C(=O)− and −NH−/−OH groups, the DHAQ-NGA composite can act as both the negative and positive electrode materials for a supercapacitor in ionic liquid electrolyte to improve capacity by faradaic reactions on these two electrodes. In addition, the intramolecular hydrogen bonding of DHAQ can improve the stability of the material. Therefore, DHAQ-NGA displays an enhanced specific capacity of 410 C g⁻¹ for the positive electrode and 454 C g⁻¹ for the negative electrode material. The assembled device can deliver a high energy density of 117 Wh kg⁻¹ at a power density of 822 W kg⁻¹.

当具有优异容量的电极（负极/正极）与容量相对较低的对电极或一对优异的电极无法相互匹配时，所构建的超级电容器（SC）的整体性能将受到限制。在这里，我们报告了一种通过简单水热法制备的新型电极材料 1,5-diamino-4,8-​​dihydroxyanthraquinone (DHAQ) 接枝的掺氮石墨烯气凝胶 (DHAQ-NGA)。由于DHAQ分子含有-C(=O)-和-NH-/-OH基团，DHAQ-NGA复合材料可以作为离子液体电解质中超级电容器的负极和正极材料，通过法拉第反应提高容量两个电极。此外，DHAQ的分子内氢键可以提高材料的稳定性。因此，^-1为正极，454 C g ^-1为负极材料。组装的设备可以在822 W kg ^-1的功率密度下提供117 Wh kg ^-1的高能量密度。