早中熟甜樱桃（Prunus avium L.）品种在果实发育和成熟过程中的差异酚类化合物和激素积累模式,Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

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早中熟甜樱桃（Prunus avium L.）品种在果实发育和成熟过程中的差异酚类化合物和激素积累模式
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-02 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01140
Claudio Ponce ₁ , Nathalie Kuhn ₂ , Macarena Arellano ₁ , Alson Time _{1,

3,

4} , Salvatore Multari ₅ , Stefan Martens ₅ , Esther Carrera ₆ , Boris Sagredo ₄ , José Manuel Donoso ₄ , Lee A Meisel ₁

Affiliation

颜色获取是果实发育和成熟过程中最显着的特征之一。红色与甜樱桃果实成熟期多酚类化合物（主要是花青素）的积累密切相关。在甜樱桃等非更年期水果品种中，成熟过程主要由植物激素脱落酸 (ABA) 控制，但其他激素也可能起作用。然而，尚未在甜樱桃果实中深入研究多酚化合物的特定阶段协调生产及其与激素含量变化的关系。为了进一步了解这些化合物（激素和代谢物）在果实发育过程中的积累动态，使用靶向代谢分析对具有对比成熟时间表型的两个甜樱桃品种（“Lapins”和“Glenred”）进行了分析。超高效液相色谱-串联质谱 (UHPLC-MS/MS) 方法表明，酚酸、黄酮醇和黄烷-3-醇在早熟品种中主要积累到稻草黄色阶段，而积累是主要在中期成熟品种的绿色阶段，表明次生代谢物的品种依赖阶段特异性生产。在中熟品种中，仅从红色阶段开始检测到花青素，而早熟品种在粉红色阶段开始检测。ABA负相关（超高效液相色谱-串联质谱 (UHPLC-MS/MS) 方法表明，酚酸、黄酮醇和黄烷-3-醇在早熟品种中主要积累到稻草黄色阶段，而积累是主要在中期成熟品种的绿色阶段，表明次生代谢物的品种依赖阶段特异性生产。在中熟品种中，仅从红色阶段开始检测到花青素，而早熟品种在粉红色阶段开始检测。ABA负相关（超高效液相色谱-串联质谱 (UHPLC-MS/MS) 方法表明，酚酸、黄酮醇和黄烷-3-醇在早熟品种中主要积累到稻草黄色阶段，而积累是主要在中期成熟品种的绿色阶段，表明次生代谢物的品种依赖阶段特异性生产。在中熟品种中，仅从红色阶段开始检测到花青素，而早熟品种在粉红色阶段开始检测。ABA负相关（表明次生代谢物的品种依赖性阶段特异性生产。在中熟品种中，仅从红色阶段开始检测到花青素，而早熟品种在粉红色阶段开始检测。ABA负相关（表明次生代谢物的品种依赖性阶段特异性生产。在中熟品种中，仅从红色阶段开始检测到花青素，而早熟品种在粉红色阶段开始检测。ABA负相关（p值 < 0.05) 与两个栽培品种中的黄酮醇和 flavan-3-ols。早熟品种ABA和花青素含量同时增加。相比之下，花青素积累，粉红色开始在中期成熟品种中 ABA 增加后的几天开始。GA ₄（一种成熟的拮抗激素）在栽培品种之间的差异积累模式可以解释这种差异。这些结果表明，两个红色品种在果实发育过程中表现出不同的酚类化合物和植物激素的积累动态，表明甜樱桃果实颜色演变的潜在差异。

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Differential Phenolic Compounds and Hormone Accumulation Patterns between Early- and Mid-Maturing Sweet Cherry (Prunus avium L.) Cultivars during Fruit Development and Ripening

Color acquisition is one of the most distinctive features of fruit development and ripening processes. The color red is closely related to the accumulation of polyphenolic compounds, mainly anthocyanins, during sweet cherry fruit maturity. In non-climacteric fruit species like sweet cherry, the maturity process is mainly controlled by the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA), though other hormones may also play a role. However, the coordinated stage-specific production of polyphenolic compounds and their relation with hormone content variations have not been studied in depth in sweet cherry fruits. To further understand the accumulation dynamics of these compounds (hormones and metabolites) during fruit development, two sweet cherry cultivars (“Lapins” and “Glenred”) with contrasting maturity timing phenotypes were analyzed using targeted metabolic analysis. The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) approach revealed that phenolic acids, flavonols, and flavan-3-ols accumulated mainly until the straw-yellow stage in the early-maturing cultivar, while accumulation was mainly at the green stage in the mid-maturing cultivar, suggesting a cultivar-dependent stage-specific production of secondary metabolites. In the mid-maturing cultivar, anthocyanins were detected only from the red stage onward, whereas detection began at the pink stage in the early-maturing cultivar. ABA negatively correlated (p-value < 0.05) with the flavonols and flavan-3-ols in both cultivars. ABA and anthocyanin content increased at the same time in the early-season cultivar. In contrast, anthocyanins accumulated and the pink color initiation started several days after the ABA increase in the mid-maturing cultivar. Differential accumulation patterns of GA₄, a ripening antagonizing hormone, between the cultivars could explain this difference. These results showed that both red-colored cultivars presented different accumulation dynamics of phenolic compounds and plant hormones during fruit development, suggesting underlying differences in the sweet cherry fruit color evolution.

更新日期：2021-08-11

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