The development of highly efficient electrocatalysts toward hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) under alkaline media is essential for the commercialization of alkaline exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs). However, the HOR kinetics in alkaline is two to three orders of magnitude slower than that in acid. More critically, fundamental understanding of the sluggish kinetics derived from the pH effect is still debatable. In this review, the recent development of understanding HOR mechanism and rational design of advanced HOR electrocatalysts are summarized. First, recent advances in the theories focusing on fundamental understandings of HOR under alkaline electrolyte are comprehensively discussed. Then, from the aspect of intermediates binding energy, optimizing hydrogen binding energy (HBE) and increasing hydroxyl binding energy (OHBE), the strategies for designing efficient alkaline HOR catalysts are summarized. At last, perspectives for the future research on alkaline HOR are pointed out.

在碱性介质下开发用于氢氧化反应 (HOR) 的高效电催化剂对于碱性交换膜燃料电池 (AEMFC) 的商业化至关重要。然而，碱性中的 HOR 动力学比酸性中慢两到三个数量级。更重要的是，对源自 pH 值效应的缓慢动力学的基本理解仍然存在争议。在这篇综述中，总结了理解 HOR 机制和合理设计先进 HOR 电催化剂的最新进展。首先，全面讨论了关注碱性电解质下 HOR 基本理解的理论的最新进展。然后，从中间体结合能方面，优化氢结合能（HBE）和增加羟基结合能（OHBE），总结了设计高效碱性 HOR 催化剂的策略。最后，对碱性HOR的未来研究提出了展望。