Seeds of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) contain a large amount of protein (26.3%), dietary fiber (27.5%), and fatty acids (33.2%), including linoleic, α-linolenic, and some amount of γ-linolenic acid. In our study, obese male Zucker rats (n = 6) at 8 weeks of age were supplemented for a further 4 weeks with either ground hemp seeds (12% diet) or lipid fractions in the form of hemp seed oil (4% diet). Hemp oil decreased blood plasma HDL-cholesterol (x0.76, p ≤ 0.0001), triglycerides (x0.55, p = 0.01), and calculated atherogenic parameters. Meanwhile, hemp seeds decreased HDL-cholesterol (x0.71, p ≤ 0.0001) and total cholesterol (x0.81, p = 0.006) but not the atherogenic index. The plasma antioxidant capacity of water-soluble compounds was decreased by the seeds (x0.30, p = 0.0015), which in turn was associated with a decrease in plasma uric acid (x0.18, p = 0.03). Dietary hemp seeds also decreased plasma urea (x0.80, p = 0.02), while the oil decreased the plasma total protein (x0.90, p = 0.05). Hemp seeds and the oil decreased lipid peroxidation in the blood plasma and in the heart (reflected as malondialdehyde content), improved contraction to noradrenaline, and up-regulated the sensitivity of potassium channels dependent on ATP and Ca²⁺. Meanwhile, acetylcholine-induced vasodilation was improved by hemp seeds exclusively. Dietary supplementation with ground hemp seeds was much more beneficial than the oil, which suggests that the lipid fractions are only partially responsible for this effect.

中文翻译：

---

大麻 (Cannabis sativa L.) 种子和大麻籽油对肥胖雄性 Zucker 大鼠血管功能障碍的影响

工业大麻（Cannabis sativa L. ）种子含有大量蛋白质（26.3%）、膳食纤维（27.5%）和脂肪酸（33.2%），包括亚油酸、α-亚麻酸和一定量的γ-亚麻酸酸。在我们的研究中，8 周龄的肥胖雄性 Zucker 大鼠（n = 6）再补充 4 周，其中包括磨碎的大麻籽（12% 饮食）或大麻籽油形式的脂质部分（4% 饮食） . 大麻油降低血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (x0.76, p ≤ 0.0001)、甘油三酯 (x0.55, p = 0.01) 并计算致动脉粥样硬化参数。同时，大麻种子降低了 HDL-胆固醇（x0.71，p ≤ 0.0001）和总胆固醇（x0.81，p =0.006) 但不是致动脉粥样硬化指数。水溶性化合物的血浆抗氧化能力因种子而降低 (x0.30, p = 0.0015)，而这又与血浆尿酸降低 (x0.18, p = 0.03) 相关。膳食大麻种子还降低了血浆尿素 (x0.80, p = 0.02)，而油降低了血浆总蛋白 (x0.90, p = 0.05)。大麻籽和油降低血浆和心脏中的脂质过氧化（反映为丙二醛含量），改善对去甲肾上腺素的收缩，并上调依赖于 ATP 和 Ca ²⁺的钾通道的敏感性. 同时，乙酰胆碱诱导的血管舒张仅通过大麻种子得到改善。用磨碎的大麻种子进行膳食补充比油更有益，这表明脂质部分只是造成这种影响的部分原因。